A new quarter and another forecast shattering revenue report from TSMC, as the company beat analysts' forecasts by over US$658 million, with a total revenue for the quarter of US$17.6 billion and a net income of almost US$7.26 billion. That's an increase in net income of 45.1 percent or 35.5 percent in sales. Although the monetary figures might be interesting to some, far more interesting details were also shared, such as production updates about future nodes. As a followup on yesterday's news post about 3 nanometer nodes, the N3 node is officially on track for mass production in the second half of this year. TSMC says that customer engagement is stronger than at the start of its N7 and N7 nodes, with HPC and smartphone chip makers lining up to get onboard. The N3E node is, as reported yesterday, expected to enter mass production in the second half of 2023, or a year after N3. Finally, the N2 node is expected in 2025 and won't adhere to TSMC's two year process technology cadence.

Breaking down the revenue by nodes, N7 has taken back the lead over N5, as N7 accounted for 30 percent of TSMC's Q1 revenues up from 27 percent last quarter, but down from 35 percent in the previous year. N5 sits at 20 percent, which is down from 23 percent in the previous quarter, but up from 14 percent a year ago. The 16 and 28 nm nodes still hold on to 25 percent of TSMC's revenue, which is the same as a year ago and up slightly from the previous quarter. Remaining nodes are unchanged from last quarter.

Back in March there were reports of TSMC's N3E node having been moved from 2024 to the end of 2023. However, it seems like the node is already seeing better than expected yields and is now being pulled in further and TSMC is expecting to start volume production as early as Q2 in 2023. The node does appear to have been frozen when it comes to further development as of the end of March. Yields are said to be much higher than the N3B node, which is also under development, but with limited information available about it.

The first customer for the new node is expected to be Apple, as the company is largely paying for much of the cutting edge node development at TSMC. However, both Intel and Qualcomm are said to be some of the first customers for the new node. More details should hopefully be announced tomorrow during TSMC's first quarter earnings call. The N3E node is a reduced layer EUV process, but before it goes into mass production, it's likely we'll be seeing the N3 node first. Early production of 3 nm parts later this year is expected to be at around 10 to 20k wafers per month initially, rising to about 25 to 35k a month once TSMC's new fab is ready. Once the N3E node is in full swing, the monthly capacity of 3 nm parts should be around 50k wafers a month, but depending on customer demand, it might end up being even higher.

According to DigiTimes, TSMC is working on increased its monthly shipments of finished wafers from 120,000 to 150,000 for its 5 nm nodes, under which 4 nm also falls. This is three times as much as what TSMC was producing just a year ago. The 4 nm node is said to be in full mass production now and the enhanced N4P node should be ready for mass production in the second half of 2022, alongside N3B. This will be followed by the N4X and N3E nodes in 2023. The N3B node is expected to hit 40-50,000 wafers initially, before ramping up from there, assuming everything is on track.

The report also mentions that TSMC is expecting a 20 percent revenue increase from its 28 to 7 nm nodes this year, which shows that even these older nodes are being heavily utilised by its customers. TSMC has what NVIDIA would call a demand problem, as the company simply can't meet demand at the moment, with customers lining up to be able to get a share of any additional production capacity. NVIDIA is said to have paid TSMC at least US$10 billion in advance to secure manufacturing capacity for its upcoming products, both for consumer and enterprise products. TSMC's top three HPC customers are also said to have pre-booked capacity on the upcoming 3 and 2 nm nodes, so it doesn't look like demand is going to ease up anytime soon.

TSMC is working on multiple N3 nodes, with at least N3, N3B and N3E currently being in development. N3 is scheduled for production in 2023, with the N3E node originally being scheduled for 2024, but it now looks like it will be ready ahead of schedule. The N3E node was meant to be an enhanced version of the N3 node, but it now seems to be more of an alternative node, based on fewer EUV layers, supposedly down from 25 to 21 layers, which would make it easier to manufacture. According to details via Morgan Stanley, the N3E node is said to be around eight percent less dense than the original N3 node, but still around 60 percent denser than the N5 node. For comparison, the N3 node was said to have 70 percent denser logic than the N5 node.

The report suggests that the N3E node might be finished by the end of this month, which means production could end up being pulled in by a whole quarter, from Q3'23 to Q2'23. The N3E node is said to "feature improved manufacturing process window with better performance, power and yield", so we might see the N3E node being used for future products by just about anyone that is looking at making high-performance silicon. The N3E node is also said to have higher yields than the N3B node, with N3B said to be an improved version of N3 for certain customers. Not much else is known about the N3B node at the moment.