Intel's E-cores aren't related to Skylake. Gracemont was compared to Skylake by Intel and reviewers when Alder Lake came out because it's almost as performant as Skylake.E-cores are just SkyLake-based compute cores that have been incorporated into the hybrid INTEL architecture. The argument is mute because the difference between a Performance and Efficient core isn't that big to dismiss what AMD is doing in a similar nature.
The lineage of Intel and AMD's cores is probably why Intel has a dedicated E-core architecture and AMD does not. Bulldozer, Saltwell, Sandy Bridge, and Bobcat; long ago the four CPU microarchitectures lived together in harmony. But everything changed when Sandy Bridge came to market. Bobcat was AMD's first generation little core, the second generation was Jaguar. But when the time came for a third generation AMD had a tiny development budget and the Bulldozer line was going into cheaper and cheaper devices, so the last microarchitecture in its line, Excavator, was actually lean enough to replace the Bobcat line, which AMD did with the release of the Stony Ridge APU.
Since then AMD's Zen line has always had to fill the needs of every CPU AMD sells. But Intel has been updating their little microarchitecture this whole time, so Intel has the flexibility to use both big and little cores. In fact I think the big and little cores Intel used in Lakefield were probably in development before Intel decided to make Lakefield. AMD has only one core today but the density-optimized layout reminds me of Excavator, so AMD's fastest way to make a little core was to density-optimize Zen 4. The fact that TSMC makes AMD processors and ARM processors probably means that AMD has access to better density-optimizing tools than Intel does.
But this could all change tomorrow. Intel is building processors for ARM customers, so Intel has to be investing into better density-optimizing tools. And AMD has more than enough money to build dedicated big and little cores. In the future their approach to big and little cores may look more alike the other.