Here are some objective measurements:
https://www.audiosciencereview.com/...pple-vs-google-usb-c-headphone-adapters.5541/
I think 113dB of SNR is pretty damn good for music playback. So is 99dB of SINAD. And so is the low output impedance for headphones.
So, yes, I think it's going to sound great
in most cases. Not in all cases, because if you have demanding headphones that need a lot of power, it's obviously too weak, for example. But regular 32 Ohm headphones are going to sound just fine. Same if you're using it as a line out into a speaker amp... the amp is likely to be the bottleneck in terms of noise.
The Apple dongle is cheap, because it's mass produced and because it's frankly kinda fragile and also limited in functionality (it does have a mic input, though). But I don't think the price says anything about how well it sounds, compared to the expensive stuff.
There's a point in audio where something performs well enough that it's
audibly transparent, which means that even if you get gear which is objectively better in measurements, it won't result in an audible improvement. 150dB SNR is objectively better than 140dB SNR, for example, but does it matter in practice, for human ears listening to music? Nope, it sounds the same, because we can't hear the noise in either case.
Where exactly is this cutoff for "good enough" is hard to say, also because it depends on several factors. That's why I don't make absolute statements and use some disclaimers. But I encourage people to explore this before wasting money on things that don't matter.