I don't know what you're talking about because that has
never been true. The Phenom II X4 940 drew almost 220W at max load while the FX-8350 drew over 250W at max load.
Check this out:
AM2+ Era (Techspot):
AM3+ Era (Techspot):
And check out the FX-9590's numbers from AnandTech!
AM4 Era (Techspot):
(Note that the Ryzen 7 5700X consumes 32 fewer watts than the Ryzen 7 5800X so it would be at 174W total system draw.)
AM5 Era:
In the AM5 era, Intel's CPUs just look like hyper-OC versions of their previous gens while AMD has that stupid "race to 95°C" thing to max their power use because they just both want their performance numbers to be maxxed-out for review benchmark charts like these. IIRC, the R7-5800X3D uses a bit more power than the R7-7700X in
Eco Mode. I get the feeling that
Eco Mode is the same as
AMD Cool'n'Quiet, a setting that is turned on by default in all AMD CPUs and APUs before Zen4.
Other than that, it doesn't appear that CPU power usage has appreciably gone up over the years. They're (almost) all in the 150-275W total system power between the AM2+ and AM4 eras with the power consumption in the AM5 era being artificially inflated to produce greater performance numbers. So, no, 125W did not mean 125W any more than it does today (unless you're Intel and say that the i9-13900K has a TDP of 125W). Tech advancement not only increases performance, it also increases effciency.
The most power-hungry consumer-grade CPU before the i9-13900K was the FX-9590 from the AM3+ era. It didn't perform even close to the R7-5950X but it used a crap-tonne more power.
Hell, even with the insanely-powerful video cards of today, the most power-hungry video card ever made was made
nine years ago in 2014 with a TDP of 580W. The suggested PSU for this card was 950W.
Powercolor Radeon R9 290x2 Devil 13 4GB
Things aren't nearly as bad today with regard to power use as it appears. It's just that, with the war in Ukraine and the resultant spike in energy costs across the EU (caused by
terrible energy decisions made by clueless politicians), power usage has come under more of a microscope than it ever had before. Couple that with the artificially-inflated power consumption numbers caused by AMD and Intel wanting to occupy the "top spot" on benchmark charts. Let's face it, people are just plain stupid sometimes. They behave like the top-spot CPU or GPU is somehow relevant to them even if they're not buying
that specific product. Like, sure, the RTX 4090 is the fastest card in the world but what does that have to do with the noob who bought an RTX 4070 because he assumed that it must be faster than an RX 7900 XT because "It's nVidia, just like the RTX 4090!".
This is the kind of guano-insane mindset that has brought us to where we are now.