Exoplanets

[Drone]

New Exoplanetary System Discovered

Scientists have found the first multi-planet system that is tilted out of alignment with the host star.

The star, known as Kepler-56, (~2800 ly from Earth) is about 45 degrees out of alignment from the orbital plane of a pair of planets, which circle their parent star in 10- and 20 days respectively. Trying to determine what elbowed the planets out from the equatorial plane of their star led Huber and colleagues to a third, non-transiting, massive companion, which could be another planet or a star.

Another mystery ...

The third, outer companion is inclined to the orbital plane of the inner planets. Scientists suspect its torque is tilting the orbital plane of the inner planets, with respect to the equatorial plane of the parent star. Some kind of dynamically disruption must have happened a long time ago that caused a planet to migrate so close to its host star. Such a dynamical tilting scenario had been recently suggested theoretically, and has now been observed for the first time

Go figure dafuq happened there ..... All those invisible and unseen worlds ...

http://www.nature.com/news/kepler-finds-first-known-tilted-solar-system-1.13976

 

[Drone]

Scientists find Earth-sized rocky exoplanet

name: Kepler-78b
radius: ~1.2 times that of Earth
mass: ~1.7 times that of Earth
location: ~400 ly from Earth in the constellation Cygnus

Its density is the same as Earth’s, suggesting that it also made primarily of rock and iron.
Kepler-78b orbits its star very closely every 8.5 hours, making it much too hot to support life.

 

[TheoneandonlyMrK]

Scientists find Earth-sized rocky exoplanet

name: Kepler-78b
radius: ~1.2 times that of Earth
mass: ~1.7 times that of Earth
location: ~400 ly from Earth in the constellation Cygnus

Its density is the same as Earth’s, suggesting that it also made primarily of rock and iron.
Kepler-78b orbits its star very closely every 8.5 hours, making it much too hot to support life.

I didn't realise you had posted so many ty

 

[Drone]

If you’ve ever wanted to know what 3538 exoplanets look like spinning around their stars, here you go!

The Latest Kepler Orrery Video

 

[Drone]

A team of European astronomers has discovered a second solar system, the closest parallel to our own solar system yet found.

KOI-351 is “the first system with a significant number of planets (seven) that shows a clear hierarchy like the solar system - with small, probably rocky, planets in the interior and gas giants in the exterior.

Three of the seven planets orbiting KOI-351 have periods of 59, 210 and 331 days - similar to the periods of Mercury, Venus and Earth. But the orbital periods of these planets vary by as much as 25.7 hours. This is the highest variation detected in an exoplanet's orbital period so far, hinting that there are more planets than meets the eye.

As you can see this systems is extremely compact, 1AU!

 

[Drone]

Currently, studying exoplanet atmospheres can be done when the planets are passing in front of their stars. Researchers can identify the gases in a planet’s atmosphere by determining which wavelengths of the star’s light are transmitted and which are partially absorbed.

For the first time, astronomers have found faint but clear signatures of water in the atmospheres of five exoplanets. All five are so-called ‘hot Jupiters,’ massive worlds that orbit close to their host stars.

WASP-17b is an unusual planet in a retrograde orbit, and sodium had already been detected in its atmosphere.

HD209458b is much-studied windy world, with raging storms, and organic molecules and water had already been detected on this planet in previous studies.

The atmosphere of WASP-12b already has been found to hold vast amounts of carbon as well as water.

WASP-19b orbits a nearby star, and has one of the shortest orbital periods of any known planetary body, ~18.932 hours.

XO-1b has the distinction of being discovered by amateur astronomers

 

[PopcornMachine]

XO-1b has the distinction of being discovered by amateur astronomers

Well then, it probably has amateur lifeforms.



Thanks for info.

 

[Drone]

More new planets!!!!

Weighing in at 11 times Jupiter’s mass and orbiting its star at 650 times the average Earth-Sun distance, planet HD 106906 b is unlike anything in our own Solar System. At only 13 million years old, this young planet still glows from the residual heat of its formation. This planet discovery is particularly exciting because it is in orbit so far from its parent star. This leads to many intriguing questions about its formation history and composition.

Three more exoplanets have been directly seen in astronomical images: FW Tau b, ROXs 42B b, ROXs 12 b.

Now we have more than 1000 exoplanets that have been confirmed and cataloged!!!

And here's nice video:

 

[PopcornMachine]

Weighing in at 11 times Jupiter’s mass and orbiting its star at 650 times the average Earth-Sun distance, planet HD 106906 b is unlike anything in our own Solar System. At only 13 million years old, this young planet still glows from the residual heat of its formation. This planet discovery is particularly exciting because it is in orbit so far from its parent star. This leads to many intriguing questions about its formation history and composition.

My guess is that big boy is going to light up and become a binary partner.

 

[McSteel]

It's going to remain a brown dwarf - smoldering for eons but never fully light up. There are lots of those around, they're just really hard to spot.

 

[Drone]

It's going to remain a brown dwarf - smoldering for eons but never fully light up. There are lots of those around, they're just really hard to spot.

My guess is that big boy is going to light up and become a binary partner.

Here's a very good article:

Astronomers now have observational evidence for the theoretically predicted break between very low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. They say they can point to a precise temperature, radius and luminosity of the lowest mass stars. According to these astronomers, in order to be a star, an object must have temperature of at least 2100 K, a radius 8.7% that of our sun, and a luminosity or intrinsic brightness 1/8000th that of the sun.

So we got a definitive answer now. If it's cold it won't be a star.

 

[Drone]

A team of European astronomers confirmed the presence of Kepler-88 c, an unseen planet that was previously predicted thanks to the gravitational perturbation it caused on its transiting brother planet, Kepler-88 b.

Planets that share the same host star gravitationally interact with each other. This interaction between planets can cause perturbations in the predicted times of transit of planets in multi-planetary systems.

A careful analysis of the dynamical interaction between planets predicted that Kepler-88 had two planets near a two-to-one resonance (the orbital period of the unseen outer planet Kepler-88 c is exactly two times longer than the transiting inner planet Kepler-88 b).

 

[Drone]

New planet, a hotter and puffier version of Earth! It's the first transiting Earth-mass planet ever found and is the lightest alien world to have both its mass and size measured.

KOI-314c is located ~ 200 ly away and is roughly the same mass as Earth, but its extremely thick atmosphere makes the world about 60% larger than our home planet. The planet orbits its parent red dwarf star once every 23 days. KOI-314c's surface temperature is 104 degrees Celsius.

KOI-314c is likely surrounded by a hydrogen-helium atmosphere hundreds of miles thick. This atmosphere may once have been even thicker, with much of it being boiled off into space over the eons by the red dwarf's radiation. KOI-314c has a sibling planet called KOI-314b, which completes one orbit every 13 days.

 

[Drone]

Another discovered exoplanets:

Two planets are thought to be rocky, and are named Kepler-99b and Kepler-406b. Both are 40% larger than Earth and have a density similar to lead. The planets orbit their host stars in less than five and three days respectively, making these worlds too hot for life as we know it.

And another one called Beta Pictoris b posted below. It's a very young planet - estimated to be <10 million years old (the star itself is ~ 12 million).

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[qubit]

Now they can image them directly. Truly amazing.

The world’s newest and most powerful exoplanet imaging instrument, the recently-installed Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) on the 8-meter Gemini South telescope, has captured its first-light infrared image of an exoplanet: Beta Pictoris b, which orbits the star Beta Pictoris, the second-brightest star in the southern constellation Pictor. The planet is pretty obvious in the image above as a bright clump of pixels just to the lower right of the star in the middle (which is physically covered by a small opaque disk to block glare.) But that cluster of pixels is really a distant planet 63 light-years away and several times more massive — as well as 60% larger — than Jupiter!

And this is only the beginning.

Read more: http://www.universetoday.com/107854/super-sensitive-camera-captures-a-direct-image-of-an-exoplanet/

 

[Drone]

New planet found:

An international team of astronomers has discovered a new exoplanet, Kepler-410A b. The planet is about the size of Neptune and orbits the brightest star Kepler-410A in a double star system 425 ly from Earth.

By studying the star around which the planet revolves, they found that the star's rotation appears to be well-aligned with the planetary movement. The object can be well-studied because the star is relatively bright, it can be seen if strong binoculars are used. The planet orbits one star of what appears to be a binary star, and the orbit is not circular but slightly eccentric. The planet is larger than Earth, with a radius of about 2.8 times that of our planet. With a period of around 18 days, it is much closer to its star than Earth is to our sun. Perturbations on the discovered planet indicate that there is likely another, as of yet unknown planet in the system.

__________________

And another one:

Scientists discovered rare brown dwarf HD 19467 B

 

[Drone]

New wobbly planet discovered:

This illustration shows the unusual orbit of planet Kepler-413b around a close pair of orange and red dwarf stars. The planet’s 66-day orbit is tilted 2.5 degrees with respect to the plane of the binary star’s orbit. Kepler-413b, precesses (wobbles) wildly on its spin axis, much like a child’s top. The tilt of the planet’s spin axis can vary by as much as 30 degrees over 11 years, leading to rapid and erratic changes in seasons. In contrast, Earth’s rotational precession is a relatively tame 23.5 degrees over 26000 years.

Kepler 413-b is located 2300 ly away in the constellation Cygnus

 

[Drone]

New exoplanet, named ULAS J222711-004547, with red skies

Newly discovered brown dwarf is characterized by an unusually thick layer of clouds, made of mineral dust. These thick clouds give ULAS J222711-004547 its extremely red colour, distinguishing it from “normal” brown dwarfs.

Lol they discover new worlds everyday!

 

[McSteel]

Not exactly a planet, but not quite a star either. What I find amazing is this:

“These are not the type of clouds that we are used to seeing on Earth. The thick clouds on this particular brown dwarf are mostly made of mineral dust, like enstatite and corundum,” stated Federico Marocco, who led the research team and is an astrophysicist at the United Kingdom’s University of Hertfordshire.

So it has an atmosphere filled with clouds of Ruby dust?! What the hell..?

 

[Drone]

^ True, that's cool. It seems there's lot of aluminum oxide

 

[PopcornMachine]

Cool stuff guys. Thanks.

 

[Drone]

^ No problem.


Another new-found exoplanet

The newly discovered alien world, named HD 4203c, orbits its host star every 18.2 years, and has a minimum mass ~ 2.17 times that of Jupiter.
The star HD 4203 lies in the constellation Pisces, ~ 250 ly from Earth.

 

[Drone]

Kepler spacecraft found 715 planets orbiting 305 stars.

715 new planets. Yup it's no joke.

 

[4ghz]

Still haven't figured how to reach them yet, much less get out of our own solar system. It took a probe a couple decades to get past the outtermost planet and many more years to leave solar system completely.

 

[Drone]

I think I've sharted my pants!!!

Astronomers found first Earth-size planet in the habitable zone around another star

The newfound planet, called Kepler-186f, was first spotted by NASA's Kepler space telescope and circles a dim red dwarf star ~490 ly from Earth. While the host star is dimmer than Earth's sun and the planet is slightly bigger than Earth, the positioning of the alien world coupled with its size suggests that Kepler-186f could have water on its surface.

Scientists think that Kepler-186f - the outermost of 5 planets found to be orbiting the star Kepler-186 - orbits at a distance of 52.4 million km, theoretically within the habitable zone for a red dwarf. Earth orbits the sun from an average distance of ~150 million km, but the sun is larger and brighter than the Kepler-186 star, meaning that the sun's habitable zone begins farther out from the star by comparison to Kepler-186.