RTX 3000 & 4000 only supports 4K 120Hz over HDMI. I have a 4K 144Hz Hisense TV. My 4070 detects only 120Hz at 4k. My laptop with an 780M iGPU goes to 144Hz at 4k on the same cable.
Check the full specs:
2 - Supports 4K 120Hz HDR, 8K 60Hz HDR and Variable Refresh Rate as specified in HDMI 2.1
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This is wrong/out of date information, NVIDIA RTX 30 and 40 series GPUs support 4K 144 Hz over HDMI just fine. DisplayPort land is another story. For reference:
NVIDIA RTX 30/40 series support HDMI 2.1 48 Gbps and DisplayPort 1.4 (HBR3), both at full bandwidth
NVIDIA 50 series support HDMI 2.1 48 Gbps and DisplayPort 2.0 (UHBR20), both at full bandwidth
AMD RX 6000 series support HDMI 2.1 at 40 Gbps* and DisplayPort 1.4 (HBR3), only DP at full bandwidth
AMD RX 7000 and 9000 series support HDMI 2.1 at 48 Gbps and DisplayPort 2.0 (limited to UHBR13.5)**, only HDMI at full bandwidth
Intel Arc A-series supports HDMI 2.1 at 48 Gbps and DisplayPort 2.0 (limited to UHBR10)***, certain limitations apply
Intel Arc B-series support HDMI 2.1 at 48 Gbps and DisplayPort 2.0 (limited to UHBR13.5)
* hardware limitation
** AMD has intentionally disabled DisplayPort UHBR20 support on Radeon RX gaming GPUs and only allows it to be used on Radeon Pro, arguably for weird market segmentation reasons
***Arc A-series don't have a native HDMI controller, so support can be a bit flaky as it uses an internal converter from DP