Sensor and Performance

The Dream Machines DM7 Switch Duo is equipped with the PixArt PAW3370. According to specifications, the 3370 is capable of up to 19,000 CPI, as well as a maximum tracking speed of 400 IPS, which equals 10.16 m/s. Out of the box, six pre-defined CPI steps are available: 400, 800, 1600, 3200, 5000, and 19,000 CPI.

CPI Accuracy

"CPI" (short for counts per inch) describes the number of counts registered by the mouse if it is moved exactly an inch. There are several factors (firmware, mounting height of the sensor not meeting specifications, mouse feet thickness, mousing surface, among others) which may contribute to nominal CPI not matching actual CPI. It is impossible to always achieve a perfect match, but ideally, nominal and actual CPI should differ as little as possible. In this test, I'm determining whether this is the case or not. However, please keep in mind that said variance will still differ from unit to unit, so your mileage may vary.


I've restricted my testing to the four most common CPI steps, which are 400, 800, 1600, and 3200. As you can see, deviation is exclusively positive, consistent, and very low, which is a very good result. In order to account for the measured deviation, adjusted steps of 400, 800, 1600, and 3150 CPI have been used for testing.

Motion Delay

"Motion delay" encompasses all kinds of sensor lag. Any further sources of input delay will not be recorded in this test. The main thing I'll be looking for in this test is sensor smoothing, which describes an averaging of motion data across several capture frames in order to reduce jitter at higher CPI values, increasing motion delay along with it. The goal here is to have as little smoothing as possible. As there is no way to accurately measure motion delay absolutely without special equipment, it is done by comparison with a control subject that has been determined to have consistent and low motion delay. In this case, the control subject is a Logitech G403, whose PMW3366 sensor has no visible smoothing across the entire CPI range. Note that the G403 is moved first and thus receives a slight head start.

Wired Testing

First, I'm looking at two xCounts plots—generated at 1600 and 19,000 CPI—to quickly gauge whether there is any smoothing, which would be indicated by any visible "kinks." Neither plot shows any, which strongly suggests there not being any smoothing.


In order to determine motion delay, I'm looking at xSum plots generated at 1600 and 19,000 CPI. The line further to the left denotes the sensor with less motion delay. Both 1600 and 19,000 CPI show a motion delay differential of roughly 2 ms.

Wireless Testing

Upon switching to wireless, several outliers are introduced at both 1600 and 19,000 CPI.


Once again, 1600 and 19,000 CPI are tested. Both 1600 and 19,000 CPI continue to show a motion delay differential of roughly 2 ms, which has me believe that sensor data in wired mode is delayed to match wireless.

Speed-related Accuracy Variance (SRAV)

What people typically mean when they talk about "acceleration" is speed-related accuracy variance (or SRAV for short). It's not about the mouse having a set amount of inherent positive or negative acceleration, but about the cursor not traveling the same distance if the mouse is moved the same physical distance at different speeds. The easiest way to test this is by comparison with a control subject that is known to have very low SRAV, which in this case is the G403. As you can see from the plot, no displacement between the two cursor paths can be observed, which confirms that SRAV is very low.

Perfect Control Speed

Perfect Control Speed (or PCS for short) is the maximum speed up to which the mouse and its sensor can be moved without the sensor malfunctioning in any way. I've only managed to hit a measly 5 m/s, which is within the proclaimed PCS range and shows no sign of the sensor malfunctioning.

Polling Rate Stability

Considering the DM7 Switch Duo is usable as a wired mouse as well, I'll be testing polling rate stability for both wired and wireless use.

Wired Testing


All of the available polling rates (125, 250, 500, and 1000 Hz) look and perform fine with the exception of 1000 Hz, which displays numerous off-period polls. Polling stability is unaffected by any RGB lighting effect except for one called Colorful Tail, which increases the instability at 1000 Hz.

Wireless Testing
For wired mice, polling rate stability merely concerns the wired connection between the mouse (SPI communication) and USB. For wireless mice, another device that needs to be kept in sync between the first two is added to the mix: the wireless dongle/wireless receiver. I'm unable to measure all stages of the entire end-to-end signal chain individually, so testing polling-rate stability at the endpoint (the USB) has to suffice here.


First, I'm testing whether SPI, wireless, and USB communication are synchronized. Any of these being out of sync would be indicated by at least one 2 ms report, which would be the result of any desynchronization drift accumulated over time. Such off-period polls are visible, albeit irregularly, which makes determining whether these are the result of a desynchronization drift difficult.



Second, I'm testing the general polling-rate stability of the individual polling rates in wireless mode. Running the DM7 Switch Duo at a lower polling rate can have the benefit of extending battery life. 125 Hz is entirely broken. 250 and 500 Hz are stable. 1000 Hz shows the same instability already observed in wired mode, and the Colorful Tail lighting effect yet again increases polling instability at 1000 Hz.

Paint Test

This test is used to indicate any potential issues with angle snapping (non-native straightening of linear motion) and jitter, along with any sensor lens rattle. As you can see, no issues with angle snapping can be observed. No jitter is visible at 1600 CPI. 10,000 CPI already shows moderate jitter, which is amplified to major levels at 19,000 CPI. This is in line with what to expect from a sensor lacking smoothing entirely. Lastly, there is no lens movement.

Lift-off Distance

The DM7 Switch Duo offers no LOD adjustment options. This is unfortunate, as the 3370 would be fully capable of it. By default, the sensor does not track at a height of 1 DVD (<1.2 mm). Keep in mind that LOD may vary slightly depending on the mousing surface (pad) it is being used on.

Click Latency

In most computer mice, debouncing is required to avoid double clicks, slam-clicks, or other unintended effects of switch bouncing. Debouncing typically adds a delay, which, along with any potential processing delay, shall be referred to as click latency. In order to measure click latency, the mouse has been interfaced with an NVIDIA LDAT (Latency Display Analysis Tool). Many thanks go to NVIDIA for providing an LDAT device. More specifically, the LDAT measures the time between the electrical activation of the left main button and the OS receiving the button-down message. Unless noted otherwise, the values presented in the graph refer to the lowest click latency possible on the mouse in question. If a comparison mouse is capable of both wired and wireless operation, only the result for wireless (2.4 GHz) operation will be listed.

In wired mode, click latency has been measured to be 5.9 ms, with standard deviation being 0.55 ms. In wireless mode, click latency has been measured to be 6.8 ms, with standard deviation being 0.58 ms. The latency difference between wired and wireless is 0.9 ms.

The main button switches were measured to be running at 3.28 V. I'm not aware of the voltage specifications of the Kailh GM 8.0 (80 M) switches switches, but I consider it very likely that these are running within specifications.