Check if the C states are enabled. Intel Turbo Boost does not work correctly if the C states are disabled.
Here is a test of a 10850K with the turbo ratios set to their default values.
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While running a TS Bench 1 Thread test with the C states enabled, it is easy to see that the CPU is using the correct 52 multiplier the vast majority of the time.
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When the core C states are disabled, now the CPU is limited to the 48 multiplier during the exact same TS Bench 1 Thread test.
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All Core i based CPUs produced since 2008 work the same way.
Only if you have an unlocked K series CPU and you are using the same multiplier no matter how many cores are active, then having the C states enabled or disabled does not matter. At default settings, most Core i CPUs use staggered turbo ratios that decrease as the number of active cores increases. Any Core i CPU that uses staggered turbo ratios has to have at least core C3 enabled so the CPU can boost up to the highest turbo multiplier when lightly loaded.