Wait, there's 2FA on Windows logins? Who does that and why? It's a private workstation, not a secure desktop. Proctoring?
It's not 2FA for Windows login, and 2FA on Microsoft account should never be turned off. Windows' login security is designed to be paired with BitLocker or some other high-grade drive encryption, that way, if the computer is stolen or otherwise retained by an unauthorized third party (employer, law enforcement, spiteful wife

), they cannot access any data on the drive as the data is encrypted and the user account that has access rights to the file system is also protected. When used in conjunction with BitLocker, its signing/recovery key is also stored in your Microsoft account, so only
you or someone that has
your express consent can recover your data.
This is probably the most important step in Windows hardening ever taken, and this is now considered the default security setting on Windows 11 (Microsoft account managed login + BitLocker drive encryption + HVCI + TPM authentication). It's overkill for a personal machine, IMHO, but it's pretty great you can do this now.
I think they patched that out? It didn't work for me last time I bothered to try.
Hasn't worked since XP afaik
Admirable Constructive Criticism, and not
technically incorrect, but...
I see this about-as-much "his fault" as
not avoiding an oncoming driver
in your lane, while rounding a blind corner.
Thankfully, the harm is fairly minimal/recoverable. Think: head-on collision
Fender Bender
Could the consequences've been avoided with different choices and/or habits? Absolutely.
Regardless, this
painful learning experience came about while "going about their business" and "following the rules/expectations", for an average every-/layman.
Sure, I get it, but in their hate binge people seem to overlook the actually good intentions behind certain decisions made. A Microsoft account is a "small price to pay" for the security architecture designed pretty much around it (weakest link in the chain principle), and it's at least comical that one is willing to use Microsoft software, but refuse to be an account holder at the same time. There are only benefits in running Windows in conjunction with an M$ account nowadays. Easy license management, security features, backups, etc.
Bitwarden and Authy are absolutely essential IMO, but if you don't like or trust password vaults or managers, a good old notebook, kept off-site will do just great. No workaround for the 2FA engine though. Authy is my favorite, but it has seen better days, I wouldn't be surprised if Twilio pulled the plug on it someday. Desktop version has already sunset.