DTS DCH Driver for Realtek HDA [DTS:X APO4 + DTS Interactive]

[Ferather]

Updated design image, includes RTN transmission, and PAM X speaker output (PAM 100+). The reverse produces an optical microphone.
RTN (PAM 3): 25 (C) x 100 (B) = 2500, + 24 (nil) = 2524, + 20 packet bits = 2544 x 48000 (S) = 122.112 Mbit/s.



First: 6 channels 1 sample, height only no extra bits (1+,0-). Second: 1 channel 1 sample 32 bits (data).

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Voltage (Steps) > PAM > PCM | Processing | PCM > PAM > Voltage (Steps).

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The PAM module and power supply can switch off if there is no audio input, and switched on when there is.
There could be a 2ms audio buffer per channel if additional time is needed to power on.

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PCM: Pulse Code Modulation - PAM: Pulse Amplitude Modulation.

Technically PAM is the converter, although its also not.

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DMAS - Digitally Managed Audio System (Optical)

 

[Ferather]

Reminder: Buy a Sound Unbound license to support DTS and DTS processing technology. While the DMAS is True Sound to your ear, it can have licensed modes, other features.

Personally (without being bias), I suggest the use of DTS processing technology (DTS Mode), due to overall processing quality and low latency.
Consumers will end up playing MP3, AAC and other lossy compressed audio, so audio restoration (processing) is ideal.

Optical A to B transmission for all the obvious reasons, its an insulator, and superior with digital.

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PAM 100 encoded, could achieve over 2 Tera bits per second, if we used colour and colour to bit-map, it would go up to 16.7 million or more (PAM 16.7M).
In the bit to bit switch sense (voltage, voltage steps), optical analogue, that would be 16.7 million bits, and PCM 16.7 million.




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Note: That would be bit colour per bit clock, not bit rate. 1 bit time can represent 16.7 million positions, so 1 sample 100 channels would equal 100 bits.

100 (C) x 48000 (S) = 4,800,000 / 1,000,000 = 4.8 Mbits/s.

If we re-include lumen, so colour and lumen sensor, we can also do half steps with 2 lumen sates, or rather, double the positions.


My given name: RGB Optical, RGB Optical Interface (Infinite 1 bit).

 

[Ferather]

Sample interval and sample rate is an interesting one, reducing it will increase total fidelity (if enough), but at the same time add more frequency outside of human hearing range.
If we took the interval for 48k as the base of 1 bit time, which is two intervals, between time is the bit width, rate is number of bits in a horizontal line.

48000 /1000 = 48, /1000 = 0.048, x [20.833~ us] = 1 (1 interval). If we increased to 96k, 96000 /1000 = 96, /1000 = 0.096, x [10.416~ us] = 1.

Intervals would look like [48: 1__1] [96: 1_1_1], as you can see we just went from 1 bit, to 2 bits in 20.833~ time. This is not enough to notice much in fidelity.
To get similar to 24 bits in 20.833~ us time, 1152 sample rate is needed (per channel, per second), 868.055~ nano second interval.

24 x 48 =1152, at the same time, there should be a digital filter attenuating past 22k to 0, as we can not hear it.


100 (C) x 1152000 (S) = 115,200,000 / 1,000,000 = 115.2 Mbits/s. Position, positions per second.

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[Ferather]

Principle of PAM: (1) original signal, (2) PAM signal, (a) amplitude of signal, (b) time.



Pulse-amplitude modulation (welcome to the optical age).

Full detail, no compression, not compressible.

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Technically there is no DA converter, mostly just a power stage.
Non binary digital, technically digital to voltage (DVC).

 

[Ferather]

Return to nil (RTN), off state (no bits).

 

[HankChen_]

Hello, I have updated the win11 24h2 version in the past few days, so I reinstalled the driver. I have always followed the process on the first page and added the EAPO settings to complete the installation, but this time I don’t know the reason, and the delay was obvious. Higher than before, what can I do to improve this situation? Thank you.

 

[Ferather]

Which EAPO settings, the one with the EAPO preset, or the one in DTS Settings? Which are you using Speakers multichannel or Speakers stereo?
Depending on how long ago you last updated, if you previously added EAPO to reduce lag, you don't bother anymore.

Install and go, no extra steps, only add EAPO if you use mulitchannel always and want an upmixer.

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Forgot to mention I updated 'Win CAudio' (Settings and Utility), a few days ago. Follow the guide, apply and then reboot.
If you have not used it before, it fixes Windows audio in several locations (Win10 based).

At this point, Windows, Realtek and DTS have peaked, so don't expect better PCM audio without adding more APO's.


Be sure to set your media player to 32 bit float.

 

[Ferather]

The 2024 files I am working on are here, just the default internal to change as mentioned. If you want to help, open 'Services', scroll down to 'Windows Audio Endpoint Builder' and stop it.
Open regedit and go to [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\DTS\APO], then delete all the endpoints, and the two 'dts_eagle' entries from APO itself.

Transfer the files (.dll and .exe only), to [Windows\System32\DTS\PC\APO4x], then restart your computer.

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You will need to source your own 'IDA Pro', and any other tools such as 'Resource Hacker', I get told off if I post links for 'certain' tools, lol.

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[Ferather]

Note, if you are using stereo (2 channels), and want additional DTS audio processing, enable DTS:X Ultra (Speakers) or Headphones:X (Headphones) in spatial options for the audio endpoint.
If you are using the newer app, you enable Headphones:X, then select none (Speakers) or a headphones type, model. You can change Ultra modes while enabled.

Both DTS:X Ultra and Sound Unbound use APO4, so any installed Sound Unbound will use the driver APO's.

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Some ALC's will allow you to separate front and rear outputs, if enabled, you will get 'Speakers' (rear) and 'Headphones' (front), reboot after enabling.

 

[Ferather]

Just so you know I don't spam updates because the audio has already peaked (Windows, Realtek, DTS), updates are purely bug fixes, preset changes and new features.

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All Realtek files are original, and untouched, DTS files are unlocked, with fixes only. Use 'Win CAudio' for Windows (guide included).
Realtek is setup and in DTS mode, so additional processing applies, in addition to Realtek features.

 

[Ferather]

I also forgot to mention if you are using SPDIF and DTS Interactive, the main format is DTS Digital Surround, however upgraded to DTS:X Core (DTS:X Digital Surround).

 

[Ferather]

Turns out the latest files require certain information in the Realtek device policy in order to show 'External' as default.
Alan has provided me with his device policy, so I will look over it and find the settings, then update.

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Someone who had the more limited version of DTS, then trying Realtek alone for EQ.

 

[t4gg4rt]

Thx so much for your hard work!
I cannot activate DTS:X Ultra when using SPDIF (DTS Interactive set). It always switches back to "Off". Should i be able to activate this?
Looking forward to your answer Many thx!

 

[Ferather]

Spatial modes in the spatial section of Windows is for 2 channels, stereo. If you are using multichannel and enable it, it will try to switch to stereo (not 5.1).
DTS Interactive will intervene and prevent you from setting 2 channels, as it would break the whole 5.1 over SPDIF.

No you should not enable stereo only features when using multichannel

 

[t4gg4rt]

Spatial modes in the spatial section of Windows is for 2 channels, stereo. If you are using multichannel and enable it, it will try to switch to stereo (not 5.1).
DTS Interactive will intervene and prevent you from setting 2 channels, as it would break the whole 5.1 over SPDIF.

No you should not enable stereo only features when using multichannel

I understand this, thank you very much!
If i try to change the SPDIF default format to something else than "DTS Interactive" i get the error "Format not supported by the device"
Is this normal behaviour? Is this an option i can change with the *.reg files in the "DTS Settings" folder? Does the *.reg files in "SPDIF Formats" folder have an impact on this?

 

[leveltrauma]

I understand this, thank you very much!
If i try to change the SPDIF default format to something else than "DTS Interactive" i get the error "Format not supported by the device"
Is this normal behaviour? Is this an option i can change with the *.reg files in the "DTS Settings" folder? Does the *.reg files in "SPDIF Formats" folder have an impact on this?

Hmm that's strange, you should hear the multichannel audio test "sound" ...
Do you have have successfully imported the following 2 reg files as Trusted Installer?

 

[t4gg4rt]

Hmm that's strange, you should hear the multichannel audio test "sound" ...
Do you have have successfully imported the following 2 reg files as Trusted Installer?
View attachment 367702

Thanks for your post. I installed both reg files as Trusted Installer again. Same problem. Problem persists after reboot too (see attached pics) Any other ideas?

 

[Ferather]

You would have to edit and use 'Stereo.reg' from 'DTS Settings'. As mentioned previously DTS Interactive will enforce 5.1 DTS, no stereo format support.

To edit the .reg file (Stereo.reg) see the image below to get the device GUID, and replace both {DEVICE-ID}'s in the .reg.
Save the file, then disable SPDIF in the panel you shown above, apply the .reg and enable.



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A side note for all, if you are using the Logitech Z906, via SPDIF, then you're using Class-D digital input, 48 bit @200Mhz.
Personally I can tell the difference between 24 bit and 32 bit float, DTS uses 32 bit float (inc APO).

32 BF PCM (Game, Movie, Music) > SFX (32 BF) > MFX (32 BF) > EFX (32 BF) (Encoded) > Receiver (32 BF > 48 B).



The upgrade would be a DMAS, RGB Optical, 256 bit @200 MS/s.
32 bit float would be roughly 255 bit fixed, bit switches.

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Still using the 2010 revision myself, still the same price for the latest revision, holds value well.

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Below are some examples of a DMAS unit and speaker (PAM X), the RGB examples are a simple 8 bit.
256 bits would be represented as 256 separate colours, with white-black reserved.

 

[t4gg4rt]

You would have to edit and use 'Stereo.reg' from 'DTS Settings'. As mentioned previously DTS Interactive will enforce 5.1 DTS, no stereo format support.

To edit the .reg file (Stereo.reg) see the image below to get the device GUID, and replace both {DEVICE-ID}'s in the .reg.
Save the file, then disable SPDIF in the panel you shown above, apply the .reg and enable.

View attachment 367764

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A side note for all, if you are using the Logitech Z906, via SPDIF, then you're using Class-D digital input, 48 bit @200Mhz.
Personally I can tell the difference between 24 bit and 32 bit float, DTS uses 32 bit float (inc APO).

32 BF PCM (Game, Movie, Music) > SFX (32 BF) > MFX (32 BF) > EFX (32 BF) (Encoded) > Receiver (32 BF > 48 B).

View attachment 367766

The upgrade would be a DMAS, RGB Optical, 256 bit @200 MS/s.
32 bit float would be roughly 255 bit fixed, bit switches.

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Still using the 2010 revision myself, still the same price for the latest revision, holds value well.

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Below are some examples of a DMAS unit and speaker (PAM), the RGB examples are a simple 8 bit.
256 bits would be represented as 256 separate colours, with white-black reserved.

Thank you very much, that worked like a charm:
I am able now to set "2 channel, 24 bit" and "DTS:X Ultra" and "DTS Headphone: X" for my SPDIF device.
DTX:X Ultra be active, right? It says "Please connect external speakers to use DTS audio controls".

 

[nicegirl05]

well u ever make a dtsx home theater spatial audio solution for windows 10 so in the spatial audio menu when u right click the spekaer itll show both atmos and dtsx home theater or dtsx ultra for home theaters

 

[Ferather]

Its active but you cant interact with the app, most SPDIF devices dont have a secondary form factor, the newer USB SPDIF versions do, some HDA do also.
At the bottom of the app its blank where it normally says 'External Speakers'. Its hardware data (chip), nothing I can do.

Old SPDIF is just SPDIF, newer SPDIF is SPDIF primary, Speaker or Headphones secondary.

Officially DTS:X Ultra only supports endpoints with Speaker or Headphones form factor, but will run as External Speakers as default (modified).
DTS:X Ultra supports both primary and secondary form factor, so if you had the newer SPDIF you can use the app.

Multichannel mode (HT) does not require a form factor, so when using DTS Interactive, DTS:X Ultra is working to the full, as seen in the app.

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@nicegirl05, spatial is a stereo technology, for output on 2 channels, you wont find any multichannel spatial, so no spatial HT.
HT (home theatre) uses object processing, not channel processing, different technology. No multichannel spatial.

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Just so you know, RGB Optical uses infinite bit specification, variable value bits, defined by a working range (for example 16.7 million colours).
Due to this, the amount of values does not impact the bitrate, as each value is always 1 bit, channels and samples do.

20 channels 256 bit 200Mhz PCM would be 1.024 Tbits/s (1024 Gbits/s), but only 4.4 Gbits/s (200 Mbits/s reserved) in RGB transmission.
This could be 1024 bit (values), and still only 4.4 Gbits/s, as the channels and samples per second have not changed.

Once RGB Optical is out, all current analogue and digital technology will be [out-of-date].

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Digital precision at the rate of analogue (close enough), no ADC-DAC-Amp, no pseudo samples (generated).
Input bitrate = [channels] x [samples a second], speaker bitrate = [samples a second].

 

[nicegirl05]

Its active but you cant interact with the app, most SPDIF devices dont have a secondary form factor, the newer USB SPDIF versions do, some HDA do also.
At the bottom of the app its blank where it normally says 'External Speakers'. Its hardware data (chip), nothing I can do.

Old SPDIF is just SPDIF, newer SPDIF is SPDIF primary, Speaker or Headphones secondary.

Officially DTS:X Ultra only supports endpoints with Speaker or Headphones form factor, but will run as External Speakers as default (modified).
DTS:X Ultra supports both primary and secondary form factor, so if you had the newer SPDIF you can use the app.

Multichannel mode (HT) does not require a form factor, so when using DTS Interactive, DTS:X Ultra is working to the full, as seen in the app.

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@nicegirl05, spatial is a stereo technology, for output on 2 channels, you wont find any multichannel spatial, so no spatial HT.
HT (home theatre) uses object processing, not channel processing, different technology. No multichannel spatial.

thank you sad to hear but greatly apprecated i would love to see u make a object processing solution with dts for use in windows 10 as for now were stuck with only dtsxes decoder for movies music and tv we cant play games useing dtsx home theater only atmos sadly

 

[Ferather]

That is more down to no specific standard, and the game-movie adopting and utilizing one of the two available (Dolby or DTS). No objects, no object processing.

 

[nicegirl05]

That is more down to no specific standard, and the game-movie adopting and utilizing one of the two available (Dolby or DTS). No objects, no object processing.

when u use dtsx or dolby atmos anytime you are useing objects now it can be static or dynamic objects so actual moveing objects or still ones but if you see dolby atmos or dtsx anywhare your useing some form of object baced audio this is speaking only for home theaters

 

[Ferather]

In a stereo situation you have specifically 2 channels always, so all processing is done specifically for stereo. Objects are based on how many channels you have in use.
You could have 5.1, 7.1, 11.1 so on, a dynamic object would be processed over more channels than 2, but not a specific number of channels.

I updated my previous post with an image, enjoy!

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@nicegirl05: DTS:X and Atmos : r/XboxSeriesX (reddit.com), do you mean more channels than 8? for example 12 channels?

Reading back I think you mean more channels, not spatial. The encoder does use the spatial APO.
It does so, so it can setup an encoder on any HDMI device (without driver data).

Windows + HDMI EDID does not allow for more than 8 channels, so to get more channels you would need the encoder.

No different to needing an encoder on SPDIF to get more than 2 channels.

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YouTube Spatial Audio Test Demo | Use the direction pad top left to move the voice object, if dragging does not work.
You can also tap left or right to make the voice object spin in a 360* motion around your speakers.

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Also note, when using DTS Interactive (SPDIF), Windows is set to 8 channels over 6 physical speakers (virtual side).