Although it was revealed back in March this year, SK hynix new Platinum P51 PCIe 5.0 has only just now launched in South Korea and the specs have been boosted since March. The official sequential read speed is now rated at 14.7 GB/s vs. 13.5 GB/s in March and likewise, the sequential write speed has increased to 13.4 GB/s from 11.5 GB/s. We're also looking at a random IOPS read speed of up to 2,300k and random write IOPS of up to 2,400k. This compares really favourably compared to Phison E26 based SSDs, especially the random IOPS are very impressive.

However, it's not all good news, as the endurance tops out at 1200 TBW on the 2 TB SKU, which is pretty much what every other modern SSD offers today and somewhat disappointing considering that we're looking at SK hynix 238 layer 3D TLC NAND here. The 2 TB SKU is also the largest size available for now and the Platinum P51 will also come in 1 TB and 500 GB flavours. Another not so great, is the 10 W power consumption, even though SK hynix claims it's industry leading, but we know that this isn't true, as the Silicon Motion SM2508 controller is more power efficient than that. The drive has already been quickly benchmarked by South Korean hardware site Quasar Zone and it delivers in terms of the claimed speeds from the manufacturer, at least according to the CrystalDiskMark numbers. No pricing has tipped up as yet, so we'll have to wait to see how competitive the drive will be in an already crowded market. However, it's worth keeping in mind that SK hynix tends to charge a premium for its SSDs over many of its competitors.

Update Dec 14th: The 2 TB SKU has a retail price of 473,000 Korean Won, which equals about US$330, making it prohibitively expensive at the moment, even compared to most other PCIe 5.0 SSDs on the market. The 1 TB SKU comes in at 279,000 Korean Won, or about US$195. The Korean prices include 10% VAT/sales tax.

Samsung's latest semiconductor manufacturing technology is falling short of expectations, as the company struggles to achieve acceptable production rates for its cutting-edge 3 nm chips. The latest rumors indicate that both versions of Samsung's 3 nm Gate-All-Around (GAA) process produce fewer viable chips than anticipated. The initial targets set by the South Korean tech giant were aimed at a 70% yield rate in volume production. However, the first "SF3E-3GAE" iteration of the technology has only managed to achieve between 50-60% viable yield output. More troubling is the performance of the second-generation process, which is reportedly yielding only 20% of usable chips—a figure that falls dramatically short of production goals. The timing is particularly challenging for Samsung as major clients begin to reevaluate their manufacturing partnerships.

Qualcomm has opted to produce its latest Snapdragon 8 Elite processors exclusively through rival TSMC's 3 nm facilities. Even more telling is the exodus of South Korean companies, traditionally loyal to Samsung, who are now turning to TSMC's more reliable manufacturing processes. While Samsung can claim the achievement of bringing 3 nm GAA technology to market before TSMC's competing N3B process, this technical victory rings hollow without the ability to mass-produce chips efficiently. The gap between Samsung's aspirations and manufacturing reality continues to widen. However, Samsung is shifting its focus toward its next technological milestone. Development efforts are reportedly intensifying around a 2 nm manufacturing process, with plans to debut this technology in a new Exynos processor (codenamed 'Ulysses') for the 2027 Galaxy S27 smartphone series.

LG Display, the world's leading innovator of display technologies, announced today its unveiling of the world's first Stretchable display capable of expanding up to 50%, the highest rate of elongation in the industry. At LG Science Park in Seoul on Nov. 8, the company demonstrated the panel at a meeting of more than 100 South Korean industry, academia, and research stakeholders involved in a Stretchable display national project.

Stretchable displays are seen as the ultimate free-form screen technology because they can be freely transformed into any shape, including by stretching, folding, and twisting.

Last time we reported on Samsung Foundry, the company publicly apologized for its setbacks in the memory and foundry divisions, especially as its 3 nm GAA FET node has failed to attract new customers. On the other hand, Intel has also been struggling with its Foundry unit bleeding billions of Dollars in a bid to secure its spot as one of the best foundries for companies to manufacture their chips. There is no better pair than two struggling foundries looking for customers and new ways to conduct research than Intel and Samsung. According to an exclusive by South Korean media outlet "MK," it has reportedly been confirmed that Intel approached Samsung to form a "Foundry Alliance" to boost their foundry business units.

According to the source, Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger is reportedly eager to meet with Samsung Electronics Chairman Lee Jae-yong face-to-face to discuss "comprehensive collaboration in the foundry sector." What exactly will happen between the two is still unclear. Back in 2014, GlobalFoundries and Samsung formed a partnership for 14 nm FinFET offerings, and that was a wide success. Jointly developing a node and offering it in their foundry units could be the target goal for Intel and Samsung. At some level, research and development, as well as sharing valuable manufacturing information on yield improvements, should be beneficial for both to put together the final pieces of the semiconductor puzzle.

According to a recent report from Nikkei, China has claimed the number one spot as the single highest spender on chipmaking tools. As the data from SEMI highlights, China spent a whopping $25 billion on key semiconductor tools in the first half of 2024, more than the US, Taiwan, and South Korea combined. And the train of acceleration for the Chinese semiconductor industry doesn't seem to be slowing down, as the country is expected to spend more than $50 billion for the entire year 2024. However, this equipment is not precisely leading-edge, as Chinese companies are under Western sanctions and are unable to source advanced EUV lithography tools for making sub-7 nm chips.

Most of the spending is allocated to mature node chipmaking facilities. These so-called "second tier" companies are driving the massive expenditures, and they are plentiful. Nikkei reports that there are at least ten firms that operate with mature nodes like 10/12/16 nm nodes. Being the biggest spender, China is also one of the primary revenue sources for many companies. For the US chipmaking tool companies like Applied Materials, Lam Research, and KLA, Chinese purchases accounted for 32%, 39%, and 44% of their latest quarterly revenue, respectively. Tokyo Electron recorded orders to China accounting for 49.9% of its revenues in June, while the Netherlands giant ASML also attributed 49%. Perhaps even more interesting is the expected outlook for 2025, which shows no signs of slowing down. The Chinese semiconductor industry must establish complete self-sufficiency, and massive capital expenditures are expected to continue.

New insights from Omdia's Desktop Monitor Intelligence Service show the gaming monitor market, featuring refresh rates over 120 Hz, is expected to grow by 9% YoY to 24.7 million units in 2024. Meanwhile, the smart monitor market, equipped with operating systems and streaming service portals, is projected to expand by 63% YoY to 1.2 million units.

In 1Q24, desktop monitor shipments hit 30.7 million units, a 5% increase year-on-year (YoY). The industry has been growing steadily since 3Q23, overcoming post-pandemic logistical disruptions. Notably, the gaming monitor market and smart monitors are expanding rapidly. This growth is driven by added value and high functionality, particularly in both monitor categories.

A research team from the South Korean Institute for Basic Science (IBS) has developed a new method for growing 1D metallic materials less than 1 nm wide. They applied this technique to create a new structure for 2D semiconductor logic circuits, using the 1D metals as gate electrodes in very small transistors. However, creating very small transistors that can control electron movement within a few nanometers has been challenging. The size of semiconductor devices depends on the width and efficiency of the gate electrode. Current manufacturing processes can't make gate lengths below a few nanometers due to limitations in lithography. To address this, the team used the mirror twin boundary (MTB) of molybdenum disulfide, which is a 1D metal only 0.4 nm wide, as a gate electrode. The IBS team achieved the 1D MTB metallic phase by altering the crystal structure of a 2D semiconductor at the atomic level.

The International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS) predicts semiconductor technology to reach about 0.5 nm by 2037, with transistor gate lengths of 12 nm. The research team's transistor demonstrated a channel width as small as 3.9 nm, surpassing this prediction. The 1D MTB-based transistor also offers advantages in circuit performance. Unlike some current technologies (FinFETs or GAA) that face issues with parasitic capacitance in highly integrated circuits, this new transistor can minimize such problems due to its simple structure and narrow gate width.

South Korean giant SK Group has unveiled plans for substantial investments in AI and semiconductor technologies worth almost $75 billion. SK Group subsidiary, SK Hynix, will lead this initiative with a staggering 103 trillion won ($74.6 billion) investment over the next three years, with plans to realize the investment by 2028. This commitment is in addition to the ongoing construction of a $90 billion mega fab complex in Gyeonggi Province for cutting-edge memory production. SK Group has further pledged an additional $58 billion, bringing the total investment to a whopping $133 billion. This capital infusion aims to enhance the group's competitiveness in the AI value chain while funding operations across its 175 subsidiaries, including SK Hynix.

While specific details remain undisclosed, SK Group is reportedly exploring various options, including potential mergers and divestments. SK Group has signaled that business practices need change amid shifting geopolitical situations and the massive boost that AI is bringing to the overall economy. We may see more interesting products from SK Group in the coming years as it potentially enters new markets centered around AI. This strategic pivot comes after SK Hynix reported its first loss in a decade in 2022. However, the company has since shown signs of recovery, fueled by the surging demand for memory solutions for AI chips. The company currently has a 35% share of the global DRAM market and plans to have an even stronger presence in the coming years. The massive investment aligns with the South Korean government's recently announced $19 billion support package for the domestic semiconductor industry, which will be distributed across companies like SK Hynix and Samsung.

The race is on for memory manufacturers to bring the next generation GDDR7 graphics memory into mass production. While rivals Samsung and Micron are aiming to have GDDR7 chips available in Q4 of 2024, South Korean semiconductor giant SK Hynix revealed at Computex 2024 that it won't kick off mass production until the first quarter of 2025. GDDR7 is the upcoming JEDEC standard for high-performance graphics memory, succeeding the current GDDR6 and GDDR6X specifications. The new tech promises significantly increased bandwidth and capacities to feed the appetites of next-wave GPUs and AI accelerators. At its Computex booth, SK Hynix showed off engineering samples of its forthcoming GDDR7 chips, with plans for both 16 Gb and 24 Gb densities.

The company is targeting blazing-fast 40 Gbps data transfer rates with its GDDR7 offerings, outpacing the 32 Gbps rates its competitors are starting with on 16 Gb parts. If realized, higher speeds could give SK Hynix an edge, at least initially. While trailing a quarter or two behind Micron and Samsung isn't ideal, SK Hynix claims having working samples now validates its design and allows partners to begin testing and qualification. Mass production timing for standardized memories also doesn't necessarily indicate a company is "late" - it simply means another vendor secured an earlier production window with a specific customer. The GDDR7 transition is critical for SK Hynix and others, given the insatiable demand for high-bandwidth memory to power AI, graphics, and other data-intensive workloads. Hitting its stated Q1 2025 mass production target could ensure SK Hynix doesn't fall too far behind in the high-stakes GDDR7 race, with faster and higher-density chips to potentially follow shortly after volume ramp.

On June 5th, Vanguard and NXP announced plans to jointly establish VisionPower Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (VSMC) in Singapore to build a 12-inch wafer plant. TrendForce posits that this move reflects the trend of global supply chains shifting "Out of China, Out of Taiwan"(OOC/OOT), with Taiwanese companies accelerating their overseas expansion to improve regional capacity flexibility and competitiveness.

TrendForce noted that the semiconductor supply chain has been diversifying over the past two years to mitigate geopolitical and pandemic-related risks, forming two major segments: China's domestic supply chain and a non-China supply chain. Recent US tariff increases have accelerated this shift, leading to increased orders from American customers.

South Korea's stock of semiconductor chips dropped more than it has since 2014. This big decrease shows that customers are buying chips faster than companies can make them, as they need more equipment for developing artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Official data released on May 31 revealed that in April, chip inventories fell by 33.7% compared to a year earlier - the largest drop since late 2014. This is the fourth month in a row that inventories have declined, while at the same time South Korea's exports of semiconductors have gone up again. Additionally, South Korea's production of chips rose 22.3% in April, which is less than the 30.2% increase from the previous month. Shipments from factories grew 18.6%, also lower than March's 16.4% growth.

South Korea is home to the two biggest memory chipmakers in the world (Samsung and SK Hynix), and they are competing to supply chips to NVIDIA, the latest having an insatiable appetite for more and more chips. These two Korean companies are in a race to develop a more advanced and more profitable version of high-bandwidth memory, or HBM. During the memory chip boom from 2013-2015, inventories didn't increase for about a year and a half. In the 2016-2017 cycle, inventory declines lasted nearly a year. A report from South Korea's central bank expects the latest surge in chip demand to continue at least until the first half of next year. This is because the "artificial intelligence boom" is driving up demand similarly to how cloud servers caused an expansion in 2016, and now mostly forgotten crypto-mining fever. South Korea will release its latest export data on June 1.

The Samsung Electronics Union is reportedly planning to strike on June 7, TrendForce reports that this strike will not impact DRAM and NAND Flash production, nor will it cause any shipment shortages. Additionally, the spot prices for DRAM and NAND Flash had been declining prior to the strike announcement, and there has been no change in this downtrend since the announcement.

Samsung's global share of DRAM and NAND Flash output in 2023 was 46.8% and 32.4%, respectively. Even though the South Korean plants account for all 46.8% of global DRAM production and about 17.8% of global NAND Flash production, TrendForce identifies four reasons why this strike will not impact production. Firstly, the strike involves employees at Samsung's headquarters in Seocho, Seoul, where union participation in higher, but these employees do not directly engage in production. Secondly, this strike is planned for only one day, which falls within the flexible scheduling range for production.

Samsung debuted its Mach-1 generation of AI processors during a recent shareholder meeting—the South Korean megacorp anticipates an early 2025 launch window. Their application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design is expected to "excel in edge computing applications," with a focus on low power and efficiency-oriented operating environments. Naver Corporation was a key NVIDIA high-end AI customer in South Korea (and Japan), but the leading search platform firm and creator of HyperCLOVA X LLM (reportedly) deliberated on an adoption alternative hardware last October. The Korea Economic Daily believes that Naver's relationship with Samsung is set to grow, courtesy of a proposed $752 million investment: "the world's top memory chipmaker, will supply its next-generation Mach-1 artificial intelligence chips to Naver Corp. by the end of this year."

Reports from last December indicated that the two companies were deep into the process of co-designing power-efficient AI accelerators—Naver's main goal is to finalize a product that will offer eight times more energy efficiency than NVIDIA's H100 AI accelerator. Naver's alleged bulk order—of roughly 150,000 to 200,000 Samsung Mach-1 AI chips—appears to be a stopgap. Industry insiders reckon that Samsung's first-gen AI accelerator is much cheaper when compared to NVIDIA H100 GPU price points—a per-unit figure of $3756 is mentioned in the KED Global article. Samsung is speculated to be shopping its fledgling AI tech to Microsoft and Meta.

EMTEK products rarely pop up on TPU's news section, but the GPU database contains a smattering of the South Korean manufacturer's Ampere-based GeForce RTX graphics card. VideoCardz has discovered an updated MIRACLE X3 White model—EMTEK's latest release is a GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER 12 GB card. The triple-fan model seems to stick with NVIDIA's reference specifications—VideoCardz also noticed a physical similarity: "under the cooler shroud, the card boasts a non-standard U-shaped PCB, reminiscent of Team Green's Founders Edition. However, it remains uncertain whether EMTEK utilizes the same PCB as NVIDIA." The asking price—of ₩919,990—converts to around $680, when factoring in regional taxes. EMTEK's MIRACLE X3 cooling solution seems to be fairly robust—featuring four 6 mm heat pipes—so an adherence to stock clocks is a slight surprise. The company's GAMING PRO line includes a couple of factory overclocked options.

During its 55th annual shareholders' meeting, Samsung Electronics announced its entry into the AI processor market with the upcoming launch of its Mach-1 AI accelerator chips in early 2025. The South Korean tech giant revealed its plans to compete with established players like NVIDIA in the rapidly growing AI hardware sector. The Mach-1 generation of chips is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) design equipped with LPDDR memory that is envisioned to excel in edge computing applications. While Samsung does not aim to directly rival NVIDIA's ultra-high-end AI solutions like the H100, B100, or B200, the company's strategy focuses on carving out a niche in the market by offering unique features and performance enhancements at the edge, where low power and efficient computing is what matters the most.

According to SeDaily, the Mach-1 chips boast a groundbreaking feature that significantly reduces memory bandwidth requirements for inference to approximately 0.125x compared to existing designs, which is an 87.5% reduction. This innovation could give Samsung a competitive edge in terms of efficiency and cost-effectiveness. As the demand for AI-powered devices and services continues to soar, Samsung's foray into the AI chip market is expected to intensify competition and drive innovation in the industry. While NVIDIA currently holds a dominant position, Samsung's cutting-edge technology and access to advanced semiconductor manufacturing nodes could make it a formidable contender. The Mach-1 has been field-verified on an FPGA, while the final design is currently going through a physical design for SoC, which includes placement, routing, and other layout optimizations.

Yesterday, South Korea's National Radio Research Agency certified a brand new and very mysterious Xbox Development Kit—naturally, the "Xbox News for Koreans" social media account took credit for this intriguing discovery: "this means that you can use the device in Korea. It is likely to be distributed to game developers in Korea soon." The model's serial code—2089—does not correspond to any of Microsoft's current Xbox Series (X|S) development kits. The tipster shared a short history lesson: "Xbox Series X|S dev kit consoles were certified by the National Radio Research Agency on June 10-11, 2020. The release of the Xbox Series X|S console in Korea was on November 10, 2020." By referencing the current generation's five-month gap—between registration and release of finalized retail units—it is speculated that something new could be arriving around August time.

Industry experts reckon that the leaked devkit is not linked to a rumored "All-Digital" White Xbox Series X Refresh—the latter likely contains unchanged basic hardware designs. Windows Central posited that an Xbox handheld is another possibility—leaked product roadmaps (of 2022 vintage) revealed that Microsoft was considering a move into portable gaming segments. A month ago, Xbox leadership discussed the platform's future—Sarah Bond stated: "there's some exciting stuff coming out in hardware that we're going to share this holiday, and we're also invested in the next generation roadmap...and what we're really focused on there, is delivering the largest technical leap you will have ever seen in a hardware generation." Many media outlets believed that an Xbox Series "Pro" model was teased during the special Official Xbox Videocast.

Samsung Electronics is all set to discuss the future of AI, alongside Jensen Huang, at NVIDIA's upcoming GTC 2024 conference. South Korean insiders have leaked the company's intentions, only days before the event's March 18 kickoff time. Their recently unveiled 36 GB HBM3E 12H DRAM product is expected to be the main focus of official presentations—additionally, a new storage subscription service is marked down for a possible live introduction. An overall "Redefining AI Infrastructure" presentation could include—according to BusinessKorea—a planned launch of: "petabyte (PB)-level SSD solution, dubbed 'PBSSD,' along with a subscription service in the US market within the second quarter (of 2024) to address the era of ultra-high-capacity data."

A Samsung statement—likely sourced from leaked material—summarized this business model: "the subscription service will help reduce initial investment costs in storage infrastructure for our customers and cut down on maintenance expenses." Under agreed upon conditions, customers are not required to purchasing ultra-high-capacity SSD solutions outright: "enterprises using the service can flexibly utilize SSD storage without the need to build separate infrastructure, while simultaneously receiving various services from Samsung Electronics related to storage management, security, and upgrades." A special session—"The Value of Storage as a Service for AI/ML and Data Analysis"—is alleged to be on the company's GTC schedule.

Industry insiders reckon that Samsung Electronics is transitioning to molded underfill (MR-MUF) production techniques—rival memory manufacturer, SK Hynix, champions this chip making technology. A Reuters exclusive has cited claims made by five industry moles—they believe that Samsung is reacting to underwhelming HBM production yields. The publication proposes that: "one of the reasons Samsung has fallen behind (competing producers) is its decision to stick with chip making technology called non-conductive film (NCF) that causes some production issues, while Hynix switched to the mass reflow molded underfill (MR-MUF) method to address NCF's weakness." The report suggests that Samsung is in the process of ordering new MUF-related equipment.

One anonymous source stated: "Samsung had to do something to ramp up its HBM (production) yields... adopting MUF technique is a little bit of swallow-your-pride type thing for (them), because it ended up following the technique first used by SK Hynix." Reuters managed to extract a response from the giant South Korean multinational—a company spokesperson stated: "we are carrying out our HBM3E product business as planned." They indicated that NCF technology remains in place as an "optimal solution." Post-publication, another official response was issued: "rumors that Samsung will apply MR-MUF to its HBM production are not true." Insiders propose a long testing phase—Samsung is rumored to be sourcing MUF materials, but mass production is not expected to start this year. Three insiders allege that Samsung is planning to "use both NCF and MUF techniques" for a new-generation HBM chip.

SK Hynix believes that it leads the industry with the development and production of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) solutions, but rival memory manufacturers are working hard on equivalent fifth generation packages. NVIDIA was expected to select SK Hynix as the main supplier of HBM3E parts for utilization on H200 "Hopper" AI GPUs, but a surprise announcement was issued by Micron's press team last month. The American firm revealed that HBM3E volume production had commenced: ""(our) 24 GB 8H HBM3E will be part of NVIDIA H200 Tensor Core GPUs, which will begin shipping in the second calendar quarter of 2024. This milestone positions Micron at the forefront of the industry, empowering artificial intelligence (AI) solutions with HBM3E's industry-leading performance and energy efficiency."

According to a Korea JoongAng Daily report, this boast has reportedly "shocked" the likes of SK Hynix and Samsung Electronics. They believe that Micron's: "announcement was a revolt from an underdog, as the US company barely held 10 percent of the global market last year." The article also points out some behind-the-scenes legal wrangling: "the cutthroat competition became more evident when the Seoul court sided with SK Hynix on Thursday (March 7) by granting a non-compete injunction to prevent its former researcher, who specialized in HBM, from working at Micron. He would be fined 10 million won for each day in violation." SK Hynix is likely pinning its next-gen AI GPU hopes on a 12-layer DRAM stacked HBM3E product—industry insiders posit that evaluation samples were submitted to NVIDIA last month. The outlook for these units is said to be very positive—mass production could start as early as this month.

JEDEC is currently presiding over standards for 6th generation high bandwidth memory (AKA HBM4)—the 12 and 16-layer DRAM designs are expected to reach mass production status in 2026. According to a ZDNET South Korea report, involved manufacturers are deliberating over HBM4 package thicknesses—allegedly, decision makers have settled on 775 micrometers (μm). This is thicker than the previous generation's measurement of 720 micrometers (μm). Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix and Micron are exploring "hybrid bonding," a new packaging technology—where onboard chips and wafers are linked directly to each other. Hybrid bonding is expected to be quite expensive to implement, so memory makers are carefully considering whether HBM4 warrants its usage.

ZDNET believes that JEDEC's agreement—settling on 775 micrometers (μm) for 12-layer and 16-layer stacked HBM4—could have: "a significant impact on the future packaging investment trends of major memory manufacturers. These companies have been preparing a new packaging technology, hybrid bonding, keeping in mind the possibility that the package thickness of HBM4 will be limited to 720 micrometers. However, if the package thickness is adjusted to 775 micrometers, 16-layer DRAM stacking HBM4 can be sufficiently implemented using existing bonding technology." A revised schedule could delay the rollout of hybrid bonding—perhaps pushed back to coincide with a launch of seventh generation HBM. The report posits that Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix and Micron memory engineers are about to focus on the upgrading of existing bonding technologies.

The Samsung Group has formed a new cross-department alliance—according to South Korea's Sedaily—this joint operation will concentrate on the research and development of a "dream substrate." The company's Electronics, Electrical Engineering, and Display divisions are collaborating in order to accelerate commercialization of "glass substrate" chip packaging. Last September, Intel revealed its intention to become an industry leader in "glass substrate production for next-generation advanced packaging." Team Blue's shiny new Arizona fabrication site will be taking on this challenge, following ten years of internal R&D work. Industry watchdogs reckon that mass production—in North America—is not expected to kick off anytime soon. Sensible guesstimates suggest a start date somewhere in 2030.

The Sedaily article states that Samsung's triple department alliance will target "commercialization faster than Intel." Company representatives—in attendance at CES 2024—set a 2026 window as their commencement goal for advanced glass substrate chip package mass production. An unnamed South Korean industry watcher has welcomed a new entrant on the field: "as each company possesses the world's best technology, synergies will be maximized in glass substrate research, which is a promising field...it is also important to watch how the glass substrate ecosystem of Samsung's joint venture will be established." Glass substrate packaging is ideal for "large-area and high-performance chip combinations" due to inherent heat-resistant properties and material strength. So far, the semiconductor industry has struggled with its development—hence the continued reliance on plastic boards and organic materials.

South Korean tech insiders believe that SK Hynix has sent "12-layer DRAM stacked HBM3E (5th generation HBM)" prototype samples to NVIDIA—according a ZDNET.co.kr article, initial examples were shipped out last month. Reports from mid-2023 suggested that Team Green had sampled 8-layer HBM3E (4th gen) units around summer time—with SK Hynix receiving approval notices soon after. Another South Korean media outlet, DealSite, reckons that NVIDIA's memory qualification process has exposed HBM yield problems across a number of manufacturers. SK Hynix, Samsung and Micron are competing fiercely on the HBM3E front—with hopes of getting their respective products attached to NVIDIA's H200 AI GPU. DigiTimes Asia proposed that SK Hynix is ready to "commence mass production of fifth-generation HBM3E" at some point this month.

SK Hynix is believed to be leading the pack—insiders believe that yield rates are good enough to pass early NVIDIA certification, and advanced 12-layer samples are expected to be approved in the near future. ZDNET reckons that SK Hynix's forward momentum has placed it an advantageous position: "(They) supplied 8-layer HBM3E samples in the second half of last year and passed recent testing. Although the official schedule has not been revealed, mass production is expected to begin as early as this month. Furthermore, SK Hynix supplied 12-layer HBM3E samples to NVIDIA last month. This sample is an extremely early version and is mainly used to establish standards and characteristics of new products. SK Hynix calls it UTV (Universal Test Vehicle)... Since Hynix has already completed the performance verification of the 8-layer HBM3E, it is expected that the 12-layer HBM3E test will not take much time." SK Hynix's Vice President recently revealed that his company's 2024 HBM production volumes for were already sold out, and leadership is already preparing innovations for 2025 and beyond.

In a move that could intensify competition with Intel in the cutting-edge chip manufacturing space, Samsung Foundry has reportedly decided to rebrand its second-generation 3 nm-class fabrication technology, previously known as SF3, to a 2 nm-class manufacturing process called SF2. According to reports from ZDNet, the renaming of Samsung's SF3 to SF2 is likely an attempt by the South Korean tech giant to simplify its process nomenclature and better compete against Intel Foundry, at least visually. Intel is set to roll out its Intel 20A production node, a 2 nm-class technology, later this year. The reports suggest that Samsung has already notified its customers about the changes in its roadmap and the renaming of SF3 to SF2. Significantly, the company has reportedly gone as far as re-signing contracts with customers initially intended to use the SF3 production node.

"We were informed by Samsung Electronics that the 2nd generation 3 nm [name] is being changed to 2 nm," an unnamed source noted to ZDNet. "We had contracted Samsung Foundry for the 2nd generation 3 nm production last year, but we recently revised the contract to change the name to 2 nm." Despite the name change, Samsung's SF3, now called SF2, has not undergone any actual process technology alterations. This suggests that the renaming is primarily a marketing move, as using a different process technology would require customers to rework their chip designs entirely. Samsung intends to start manufacturing chips based on the newly named SF2 process in the second half of 2024. The SF2 technology, which employs gate-all-around (GAA) transistors that Samsung brands as Multi-Bridge-Channel Field Effect Transistors (MBCFET), does not feature a backside power delivery network (BSPDN), a significant advantage of Intel's 20A process. Samsung Foundry has not officially confirmed the renaming.

Samsung and ARM announced a collaborative project last week—the partners are aiming to deliver an "optimized next generation Arm Cortex -X CPU" developed on the latest Gate-All-Around (GAA) process technology. Semiconductor industry watchdogs believe that Samsung Foundry's 3 nm GAA process did not meet sales expectations—reports suggest that many clients decided to pursue advanced three nanometer service options chez TSMC. The South Korean multinational manufacturing conglomerate is setting its sights forward—with an in-progress SF2 GAAFET process in the pipeline—industry insiders reckon that Samsung leadership is hoping to score a major victory within this next-gen market segment.

Lately, important industry figures have been hyping up Backside Power Supply Delivery Network (BSPDN) technology—recent Intel Foundry Services (IFS) press material lays claim to several technological innovations. A prime example being an ambitious five-nodes-in-four-years (5N4Y) process roadmap that: "remains on track and will deliver the industry's first backside power solution." A Chosun Business report proposes that Samsung is working on Backside Power Supply designs—a possible "game changer" when combined with in-house 2 nm SF2 GAAFET. Early experiments, allegedly, involving two unidentified ARM cores have exceeded expectations—according to Chosun's sources, engineers were able to: "reduce the chip area by 10% and 19%, respectively, and succeeded in improving chip performance and frequency efficiency to a single-digit level." Samsung Foundry could be adjusting its mass production timetables, based on freshly reported technological breakthroughs—SF2 GAAFET + BSPDN designs could arrive before the original targeted year of 2027. Prior to the latest developments, Samsung's BSPDN tech was linked to a futuristic 1.7 nm line.

Smartphone chipset industry watchdogs believe that the Samsung 3 nm GAA process did not meet customer expectations, due to alleged yield issues. TSMC is seemingly victorious in this segment, as reports suggest that a next-generation 3 nm node production goal of "100,000 monthly wafers by the end of 2024" has been set. Three days ago, Samsung Foundry revealed that it is working on a very advanced SF2 GAAFET process—press outlets in South Korea propose that the manufacturing giant is hoping to outmuscle its main rival in a future 2 nm node category. Tuesday's press introduction stated that a development partnership is set: "to deliver optimized next generation ARM Cortex -X CPU developed on Samsung Foundry's latest Gate-All-Around (GAA) process technology."

A Sedaily article posits that the company's cutting-edge manufacturing tech has already attracted interest from notable parties: "Samsung Electronics is taking advantage of these advantages to win orders for the 2 nm project. Samsung Electronics took its first step by winning an order to produce a 2 nm AI accelerator from Preferred Networks (PFN), Japan's largest AI company. Qualcomm, the world's largest system semiconductor design company, has entered into discussions with Samsung Electronics' System LSI Division, which designs high-performance chips, to produce 2 nm prototypes." December 2023 news reports suggested that Samsung leadership was considering a 2 nm wafer price discount—in order to stay competitive with competing foundry services. It is possible that Qualcomm is evaluating the 2 nm SF2 GAAFET process for a distant Snapdragon 8 "Gen 5" chipset, while Samsung LSI could be working on a 2 nm "Exynos 2600" SoC design.