PCI-SIG Ratifies PCI Express 7.0 Specification to Reach 128 GT/s
The AI data center buildout requires massive bandwidth from accelerator to accelerator and from accelerator to CPU. At the core of that bandwidth bridge is PCIe technology, which constantly needs to evolve to satisfy massive bandwidth requirements. Today, PCI-SIG, the working group behind the PCI and PCIe connector, is releasing details about the almost ready 0.9 version of the PCIe 7.0 connector and its final specifications. The latest PCIe 7.0 will bring 128 GT/s speeds, with a bi-directional bandwidth of 512 GB/s in the x16 lane configuration. Targeting applications like 800G Ethernet, AI/ML, cloud, quantum computing, hyperscalers, military/aerospace, and cloud providers all need massive bandwidth for their respective applications and use cases to work flawlessly.
Interestingly, as PCIe doubles bandwidth over the traditional three-year cadence, high bandwidth for things like storage is becoming available on fewer and fewer lanes. For example, PCIe 3.0 with x16 lanes delivers 32 GB/s of bi-directional bandwidth. And now, PCIe 7.0 delivers that same bandwidth on only a single x1 lane. Some other goals of the new PCIe 7.0 include significant improvements in channel parameters and signal integrity while enhancing power efficiency and maintaining the protocol's low-latency characteristics. All while ensuring complete backward compatibility with previous generations of the standard. Notably, the PCIe 7.0 standard uses PAM4 signaling, which was first presented for PCIe 6.0. Here is a nice PAM4 signaling primer if you want to learn more about PAM4 signaling. Below are the specifications of PCIe generations and their respective characteristics. We expect to see final version v1.0 by end of the year, and some PCIe 7.0 accelerators next year.
Interestingly, as PCIe doubles bandwidth over the traditional three-year cadence, high bandwidth for things like storage is becoming available on fewer and fewer lanes. For example, PCIe 3.0 with x16 lanes delivers 32 GB/s of bi-directional bandwidth. And now, PCIe 7.0 delivers that same bandwidth on only a single x1 lane. Some other goals of the new PCIe 7.0 include significant improvements in channel parameters and signal integrity while enhancing power efficiency and maintaining the protocol's low-latency characteristics. All while ensuring complete backward compatibility with previous generations of the standard. Notably, the PCIe 7.0 standard uses PAM4 signaling, which was first presented for PCIe 6.0. Here is a nice PAM4 signaling primer if you want to learn more about PAM4 signaling. Below are the specifications of PCIe generations and their respective characteristics. We expect to see final version v1.0 by end of the year, and some PCIe 7.0 accelerators next year.