Nations have long invested in domestic infrastructure to advance their economies, control their own data and take advantage of technology opportunities in areas such as transportation, communications, commerce, entertainment and healthcare. AI, the most important technology of our time, is turbocharging innovation across every facet of society. It's expected to generate trillions of dollars in economic dividends and productivity gains. Countries are investing in sovereign AI to develop and harness such benefits on their own. Sovereign AI refers to a nation's capabilities to produce artificial intelligence using its own infrastructure, data, workforce and business networks.

Why Sovereign AI Is Important
The global imperative for nations to invest in sovereign AI capabilities has grown since the rise of generative AI, which is reshaping markets, challenging governance models, inspiring new industries and transforming others—from gaming to biopharma. It's also rewriting the nature of work, as people in many fields start using AI-powered "copilots." Sovereign AI encompasses both physical and data infrastructures. The latter includes sovereign foundation models, such as large language models, developed by local teams and trained on local datasets to promote inclusiveness with specific dialects, cultures and practices. For example, speech AI models can help preserve, promote and revitalize indigenous languages. And LLMs aren't just for teaching AIs human languages, but for writing software code, protecting consumers from financial fraud, teaching robots physical skills and much more.

People agree: accelerated computing is energy-efficient computing. The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), the U.S. Department of Energy's lead facility for open science, measured results across four of its key high performance computing and AI applications.

They clocked how fast the applications ran and how much energy they consumed on CPU-only and GPU-accelerated nodes on Perlmutter, one of the world's largest supercomputers using NVIDIA GPUs. The results were clear. Accelerated with NVIDIA A100 Tensor Core GPUs, energy efficiency rose 5x on average. An application for weather forecasting logged gains of 9.8x.

The UK Treasury has set aside a budget of £900 million to invest in the development of a supercomputer that would be powerful enough to chew through more than one billion billion simple calculations a second. A new exascale computer would fit the bill, for utilization by newly established advanced AI research bodies. It is speculated that one key goal is to establish a "BritGPT" system. The British government has been keeping tabs on recent breakthroughs in large language models, the most notable example being OpenAI's ChatGPT. Ambitions to match such efforts were revealed in a statement, with the emphasis: "to advance UK sovereign capability in foundation models, including large language models."

The current roster of United Kingdom-based supercomputers looks to be unfit for the task of training complex AI models. In light of being outpaced by drives in other countries to ramp up supercomputer budgets, the UK Government outlined its own future investments: "Because AI needs computing horsepower, I today commit around £900 million of funding, for an exascale supercomputer," said the chancellor, Jeremy Hunt. The government has declared that quantum technologies will receive an investment of £2.5 billion over the next decade. Proponents of the technology have declared that it will supercharge machine learning.

In our last report Folding@Home was at 1.5 Exaflops and had eclipsed the theoretical El Capitan Supercomputer not due to come online until 2023. Folding@Home has gained another 900petaFLOPS and is now not only 15x more powerful than the next most powerful supercomputer, IBM's Summit but more powerful than the next 500 supercomputers combined. Researchers have been scrambling to create more simulations to run as computational performance growth has exceeded all expectations.

The TechPowerup! team is currently ranked #29 with 618 active Folders. If you want to donate some spare cycles you can download the client over at the Folding@Home web page and download the installer for your client. When setting up the client make sure to enter your TeamID as 50711 to help us rise the ladder to world domination. This is an easy way to contribute to the largest computational medical cure research project ever completing vital research on COVID-19 and various other diseases.

The U.S. Department of Energy today announced a contract with Cray Inc. to build the Frontier supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is anticipated to debut in 2021 as the world's most powerful computer with a performance of greater than 1.5 exaflops.

Scheduled for delivery in 2021, Frontier will accelerate innovation in science and technology and maintain U.S. leadership in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence. The total contract award is valued at more than $600 million for the system and technology development. The system will be based on Cray's new Shasta architecture and Slingshot interconnect and will feature high-performance AMD EPYC CPU and AMD Radeon Instinct GPU technology.

During the next year and a half, the Finnish IT Center for Science (CSC) will be purchasing a new supercomputer in two phases. The first phase consists of Atos' air-cooled BullSequana X400 cluster which makes use of Intel's Cascade Lake Xeon processors along with Mellanox HDR InfiniBand for a theoretical performance of 2 petaflops. Meanwhile, system memory per node will range from 96 GB up to 1.5 TB with the entire system receiving a 4.9 PB Lustre parallel file system as well from DDN. Furthermore, a separate partition of phase one will be used for AI research and will feature 320 NVIDIA V100 NVLinked GPUs configured in 4-GPU nodes. It is expected that peak performance will reach 2.5 petaflops. Phase one will be brought online at some point in the summer of 2019.

Where things get interesting is in phase two, which is set for completion during the spring of 2020. Atos' will be building CSC a liquid-cooled HDR-connected BullSequana XH2000 supercomputer that will be configured with 200,000 AMD EPYC "Rome" CPU cores which for the mathematicians out there works out to 3,125 64 core AMD EPYC processors. Of course, all that x86 muscle will require a great deal of system memory, as such, each node will be equipped with 256 GB for good measure. Storage will consist of an 8 PB Lustre parallel file system that is to be provided by DDN. Overall phase two will increase computing capacity by 6.4 petaflops (peak). With deals like this already being signed it would appear AMD's next-generation EPYC processors are shaping up nicely considering Intel had this market cornered for nearly a decade.

NEC Corporation (TSE: 6701) today announced the launch of a new high-end HPC product line, the SX-Aurora TSUBASA. This new platform drastically increases processing performance and scalability on real world applications, aiming for the traditional application areas, such as science and engineering, but also targeting the new fields of Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data analytics. With this new technology, NEC opens supercomputing to a wide range of new markets, in addition to the traditional HPC arena.

Utilizing cutting-edge chip integration technology, the new product features a complete multi-core vector processor in the form of a card-type Vector Engine (VE), which is developed based on NEC's high-density interface technology and efficient cooling technology. Kimihiko Fukuda, Executive Vice President, NEC Corporation, said, "The new product addresses the needs of scalar computational capability while still providing the efficiency of a vector architecture. This is accomplished through a tightly integrated complete vector system in the form of a Vector Engine Card."

Eurocom is supporting the new line of high performance GeForce GPUs from NVIDIA including the NVIDIA GeForce GTX 675M, 670M and 660 in single and SLI configurations in select models. Eurocom will also be supporting the NVIDIA GeForce GT 650M in select Optimus models.

The addition of the NVIDIA GeForce GTX and GT series GPU offers users new levels of high performance GPUs for computing in single and SLI (dual) configurations in new Eurocom notebooks based on next generation Intel technology. The new NVIDIA 600 series GPUs will complement the NVIDIA Quadro GPUs, already offered by Eurocom to its professional clients. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 675M comes with 2 GB of DDR5 memory, 384 CUDA cores with the GPU running at 620 Mhz for the utmost in graphics performance. Eurocom will be utilizing NVIDIA 3D technology in single and SLI configurations to improve overall graphics and 3D professional capability with enhanced performance. The NVIDIA GeForce GTX 670M comes with 1.5 GB DDR5 memory, 336 CUDA cores with the GPU running at 598 MHz. NVIDIA's GeForce GTX 660M comes with 1.5 GB DDR5 memory, 384 CUDA cores, with the GPU running at 835 MHz.

Pictures of ASRock's very own X58 motherboard, named simply "X58 Super Computer", appeard today over the web. Now one thing is for sure, it's not really a "super" motherboard and it's not really here to compete with high-end offering, but to appeal to the rest of the audience. After all this is an ASRock, meaning that it will do the work and still offer a good mainstream value with lower price. The motherboard is socket LGA 1366 ready, offering four PCI express x16 slots, three PCI slots and six DDR-3 DIMMs for triple-channel memory kits. The X58 Super Computer comes with completely passive cooling, there are radiators on the north bridge and the board's power elements which are connected by a single heatpipe, while the south bridge is cooled by a modest passive cooler. ASRock's creation also comes with six SATA ports, 12x USB 2.0 ports, one eSATA connector, integrated 7.1 channel audio, dual Gigabit Ethernet and one FireWire connector. This motherboard also implements ASRock's Instant Boot technology, that allows Windows XP or Windows Vista to boot up for 3 to 4 seconds. The AsRock X58 Super Computer has yet to reach stores and receive a price.

Ranger, the most powerful supercomputing system in the world for open science research, today will be dedicated by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin. This first-of-its-kind system entered full production on Feb. 4.

Supercomputers that consist of thousands of individual processor "brains" connected by miles of copper wires could one day fit into a laptop PC, thanks in part to a breakthrough by IBM scientists announced today.

And while today's supercomputers can use the equivalent energy required to power hundreds of homes, these future tiny supercomputers-on-a-chip would expend the energy of a light bulb.

COLLEGE PARK, Md.-A prototype of what may be the next generation of personal computers has been developed by researchers in the University of Maryland's A. James Clark School of Engineering. Capable of computing speeds 100 times faster than current desktops, the technology is based on parallel processing on a single chip.

Parallel processing is an approach that allows the computer to perform many different tasks simultaneously, a sharp contrast to the serial approach employed by conventional desktop computers. The prototype developed by Uzi Vishkin and his Clark School colleagues uses a circuit board about the size of a license plate on which they have mounted 64 parallel processors. To control those processors, they have developed the crucial parallel computer organization that allows the processors to work together and make programming practical and simple for software developers.

According to Sony's chief technical officer Masa Chatani, the PS3's idle power could soon be put to commercial use in a similar way to the Folding@Home project. Due to its enormous processing power, whilst the console is not in use it can be used to tackle the complex calculations behind the Folding@Home project which simulates protein folding, therefore allowing scientists to better understand many diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, as well as a number of cancers. The PS3 has proved very successful in this area, accounting for 367 TFLOPS in the recent Folding@Home statistics. But now, Sony may be about to expand this project to new, more profitable areas. "This kind of computing model could be used in a commercial application...for example, a start-up or a pharmaceutical company that lacks a super-computer could utilise this kind of infrastructure. We are discussing various options with companies and exploring commercial applications," Chatani said. Such a deal could well see businesses either offering free products or subsidising the price of the PS3 in return for the use of PS3 owners' idle processing power, although Sony has not yet revealed which companies having discussions with.

Tyan Computer Corporation announced today the availability of a new product line in personal supercomputing, the TyanPSC T-500 series Personal Super Workstation featuring the AMD Opteron processor Model 2200. The TyanPSC personal super workstation is an easy-to-deploy, easy-to-use, turnkey system that delivers tremendous computation capability in your office or any other environment, while only requiring power from a standard wall outlet.

Computing giant IBM is planning yet another supercomputer, with this one set to take the performance crown away from its very own BlueGene. The computer is being built for the Department of Energy and will be housed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, costing $110 million to construct. Named Roadrunner, this new hybrid will use a unique design combining 16,000 conventional AMD Opteron Cores alongside 16,000 Cell processors (yes, the ones in the PS3), with calculations being shared between the two. According to IBM, the Cell processors will act as the workhorse, completing the major floating point calculations, whilst the Opterons will act as the system interface processors and the transactional backbones between the nodes. Once the machine is finished it ought to run at one petaflop - that's one trillion calculations each second, more than capable of belittling BlueGene, which is capable of a mere 280 teraflops.