Timing and Frequency Scaling

Part of our testing routine involves testing our memory samples using a variety of common timings and voltages, in order to judge the flexibility of the modules to match system overclocks. We test using three different voltage levels: 1.5 V, the standard JEDEC voltage, 1.65 V, for common XMP voltage scaling, and 1.75 V, for an overvoltage setting. We set the timings for the memory and measure the maximum frequency with each voltage, and then adjust the timings and test again. We employ several tests to measure the performance differences, including AIDA64's built-in memory benchmark, 3Dmark 2001, SuperPi v1.55 32M, as well as the RTS game Shogun 2, for some memory-sensitive 3D performance. We also swap out the HIS Radeon HD 5450 1GB card for a Sapphire HD 6950 2 GB card, in order to eliminate bottlenecks in performance introduced by the videocard.

Clocking memory on the Intel X79 Express platform can provide some very interesting results, thanks to the introduction of higher memory frequency dividers as well as BCLK dividers, which allow for higher memory clocking than on any previous Intel platform. On Intel Socket 1155 products, BCLK scaling is very limited, with 104 MHz being the average maximum BCLK reported by users over the past 12 months since the Intel P67 Express platform launch. Intel's X79 Express platform expands upon its predecessor by adding both 125 MHz and 166 MHz BCLK dividers, which allow the bus to clock a lot higher. Effectively this divider de-couples the PCIe bus from the BCLK, allowing the ratio between BCLK and PCIe to be adjusted, providing for greater flexibility in BCLK clocking. Naturally with a 125 MHz BCLK matched with a 100 MHz PCIe clock, the BLCK can be adjusted in a wider range before pushing the PCIe bus outside of the range of stability, as rather than each MHz in BCLK adjustment moving the PCIe bus by the same increment, one MHz of BLCK adjustment now moves the PCIe bus just 0.8 MHz.

It's important to note that different devices on the PCIe bus have different clock tolerances, and therefore onboard devices that use the PCIe bus can greatly affect how far the BCLK can go. Due to the use of parts common to both SKT 1155 and SKT 2011, the 100 MHz BCLK divider on SKT 2011 doesn't really offer greater flexibility, so for greater clock scaling, we employ the 125 MHz BCLK divider whenever possible, and also adjust the CPU multiplier to try to match the same CPU speed for all tests, but as the BLCK used can vary according to the maximum stable memory frequency, so can the CPU speed. For our testing we have kept the CPU speed between 4.0 GHz and 4.1 GHz. The numbers provided are meant as a reference only.

Of course, because the PCIe bus still plays a role in the final effective BLCK speed, there are times where FSB "holes" are introduced, as our particular CPU, VGA, and board combination has an effective range of 100 MHz to 105 MHz using the 100 MHz divider, and 113 MHz to 133 MHz using the 125 MHz divider. For example, using the 1066 MHz memory divider and a 133 MHz BCLK results in a 1418 MHz effective memory speed. Dropping the BCLK down to 113 MHz with the 1333 MHz memory divider results in 1506 MHz, so there is a 86 MHz hole in the effective memory speed that just cannot be attained no matter what modules are used.






While clocking the G.Skill F3-17000CL9Q-16GBZH, we found 1.65 V to be the optimal voltage, allowing the frequency to scale all the way up to 2400 MHz. At lower latencies, like CL7, 1.75 V did provide quite linear scaling, but as the timings increased, the gains from running 1.75 V became less significant. As performance increased all the way up to 2400 MHz with CL10, we saw pretty good performance scaling even with the higher timings, which highlights the Intel X79 Express platform's preference to raw memory speed. Trying to get higher than 2400 MHz proved impossible, as one DIMM would fail no matter what approach was tried. This can be the downfall of clocking multi-DIMM kits, as the kit itself is only as strong as the weakest DIMM, so while these results serve as a guideline for what users can expect from their own F3-17000CL9Q-16GBZH kits, results may vary from kit to kit.