Intel's upcoming Core i9-13900K "Raptor Lake" flagship desktop processor continues to amaze with its performance lead over the current i9-12900K "Alder Lake," in leaked benchmarks of the processor tested in a number of synthetic benchmarks. The 8P+16E hybrid processor posts a massive 30% lead in multi-threaded performance with Cinebench R23, thanks to higher IPC on the P-cores, the addition of 8 more E-cores, higher clock speeds, and larger caches all around. These gains are also noted with CPU-Z Bench, where the i9-13900K is shown posting a similar 30% lead over the i9-12900K.

In gaming benchmarks, these leads translate into a roughly-10-15 percent gain in frame-rates. Games still aren't too parallelized, Intel Thread Director localizes gaming workloads to the P-cores, which remain 8 in number. And so, the gaming performance gains boil down mainly to the IPC increase of the "Raptor Cove" P-cores, and their higher clock-speeds, compared to the 8 "Golden Cove" P-cores of the i9-12900K. From the looks of it, the i9-13900K will maintain a competitive edge over the upcoming AMD Ryzen 9 7950X mainly because the high IPC of 8 (sufficient) P-cores sees it through in gaming benchmarks, while the zerg-rush of 24 cores clinches the deal in multi-threaded benchmarks that scale across all cores.

A leaked Intel company document detailing the "go to market" (GTM) plan for its 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake" desktop processors, reveals key dates associated with it. Intel will likely hold a launch event for the 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake" processors on September 27, 2022 (when it's September 28 in Taiwan). This happens to be the same day AMD's Ryzen 7000 "Zen 4" processors go on sale. Pre-orders for these processors will open on October 13, 2022 (or October 14 in Taiwan). This is when you'll be able to order one online. October 20 is when the processors will be available to purchase off the shelf (October 21 in Taiwan). This document does not deal with review NDAs, so we'll have to guess that reviews go live somewhere between September 27 and October 13.

Built on the same Intel 7 process as "Alder Lake," "Raptor Lake" introduces an IPC increase with its "Raptor Cove" P-cores, and a doubling in the count of its "Gracemont" E-cores, along with increases in L2 cache sizes for both the P-cores and E-core clusters. The processor is said to be built on the same LGA1700 package as the 12th Gen, and compatible with Intel 600 series chipset motherboards with a UEFI firmware update. The processors launch alongside new Intel 700-series chipset motherboards that have out-of-the-box support for them.

When it releases, the Core i5-13400 will join a long like of Intel processors that are extremely successful in the market—chips that are priced around the $200-mark, and bang in the middle of the market bell-curve. Other chips in the lineup include the i5-12400, i5-11400, i5-10400, and the i5-9400. With the 13th Generation "Raptor Lake," Intel is configuring the i5-13400, i5-13500, and the i5-13600 (non-K) as 6P+4E processors (that's 6 "Raptor Cove" P-cores with 4 "Gracemont" E-cores); whereas their 12th Gen predecessors only had 6 "Golden Cove" P-cores, and no E-cores. The top Core i5 part, the i5-13600K, will stand out featuring a 6P+8E configuration.

Maximum boost frequencies of the Core i5-13400 and i5-13500 surfaced on the web thanks to Passmark screenshots scored by TUM_APISAK. Boost frequencies of 13th Gen Core processors weren't part of the recent lineup leak. The i5-13400 has a maximum boost frequency of 4.10 GHz, while the i5-13500 comes with 4.50 GHz. Both SKUs have an identical base frequency of 2.50 GHz. The maximum turbo frequency of 4.10 GHz for the i5-13400 is significantly lower than the 5.80 GHz of the flagship i9-13900K, and the 5.10 GHz of the i5-13600K. It's also quite spaced apart from the i5-13500, with its 4.50 GHz. Perhaps Intel really wants some consumer interest in the Core i5 SKUs positioned between the i5-13400 and the i5-13600K.

An Intel Core i9-13900 "Raptor Lake" (non-K) processor was spotted in the wild by Benchleaks. The non-K parts are expected to have 65 W Processor Base Power and aggressive power-management, compared to the unlocked i9-13900K, although the core configuration is identical: 8 P-cores, and 16 E-cores. Besides tighter power limits out of the box, and a locked multiplier, the i9-13900 also has lower clocks, with its maximum boost frequency for the P-cores set 5.60 GHz, compared to the 5.80 GHz of the i9-13900K. It's still a tad higher than the 5.40 GHz of the i7-13700K.

Tested in Geekbench 5.4.5, the i9-13900 scores 2130 points in the single-threaded test, and 20131 points in the multi-threaded one. Wccftech tabulated these scores in comparison to the current-gen flagship i9-12900K. The i9-13900 ends up 10 percent faster than the i9-12900K in the single-threaded test, and 17 percent faster in the multi-threaded. The single-threaded uplift is thanks to the higher IPC of the "Raptor Cove" P-core, and slightly higher boost clock; while the multi-threaded score is helped not just by the higher IPC, but also the addition of 8 more E-cores.

The flagship Core i9-13900K/KF "Raptor Lake" processor could come with a maximum boost frequency as high as 5.80 GHz, according to early store listings by a Canadian retailer that mentions the processor's retail SKU. This would be the highest possible clock speed sustained by the "Raptor Cove" P-cores of the processor, with its best available boosting algorithm (Intel processors tend to have many). The listing also reveals the maximum boost frequency of the Core i7-13700K/KF to be 5.40 GHz. Intel typically gives its unlocked Core i7 SKUs one less boosting algorithm than the Core i9, besides lower frequencies. The fastest mid-range part from the series, the Core i5-13600K, ticks at speeds of up to 5.10 GHz.

The listings see the Core i9-13900K go for CAD $941 (USD $727), the i9-13900KF at CAD $901 (USD $696), the Core i7-13700K at CAD $663 (USD $512), the i7-13700KF at CAD $626 (USD $484); the mid-range Core i5-13600K at CAD $461 ($356), and the i5-13600KF at CAD $424 (USD $327). These prices may seem high as they're pre-launch listings, and hardware in Canada tends to be slightly pricier than in the States. Going by launch prices of the 12th Gen Alder Lake, Intel seems to be raising the launch prices of "Raptor Lake" by a single-digit percentage.

According to an investigative report by "Chips and Cheese," the larger L2 caches in Intel's 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake-S" doesn't come with a proportionate increase in cache latency, and Intel seems to have contained the latency increase well. "Raptor Lake-S" significantly increases L2 cache sizes over the previous generation. Each of its 8 "Raptor Cove" P-cores has 2 MB of dedicated L2 cache, compared to the 1.25 MB with the "Golden Cove" P-cores powering the current-gen "Alder Lake-S," which amounts to a 60 percent increase in size. The "Gracemont" E-core clusters (group of four E-cores), sees a doubling in the size of the L2 cache that's shared among the four cores in the cluster, from 2 MB in "Alder Lake," to 4 MB. The last-level L3 cache shared among all P-cores and E-core clusters, sees a less remarkable increase in size, from 30 MB to 36 MB.

Larger caches have a direct impact on performance, as more data is available close to the CPU cores, sparing them a lengthy fetch/store operation to the main memory (RAM). However, making caches larger doesn't just cost die-area, transistor-count, and power/heat, but also latency, even though L2 cache is an order of magnitude faster than the L3 cache, which in turn is significantly faster than DRAM. Chips and Cheese tracked and tabulated the L2 cache latencies of past Intel client microarchitectures, and found a generational increase in latencies with increasing L2 cache sizes, leading up to "Alder Lake." This increase has somehow tapered with "Raptor Lake."

An Intel Core "Raptor Lake" engineering sample was de-lidded by Expreview giving us a first look at what will be Intel's last monolithic silicon client processor before the company switches over to chiplets, with its next-generation "Meteor Lake." The chip de-lidded here is the i9-13900, which maxes out the "Raptor Lake-S" die, in featuring all 8 "Raptor Cove" P-cores and 16 "Gracemont" E-cores physically present on the die, along with 36 MB of shared L3 cache, and an iGPU based on the Xe-LP graphics architecture.

The "Raptor Lake-S" silicon is built on the same Intel 7 (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) silicon fabrication node as "Alder Lake-S." The "Raptor Lake-S" (8P+16E) die measures 23.8 mm x 10.8 mm, or 257 mm² in area, which is 49 mm² more than that of the "Alder Lake-S" (8P+8E) die (around 209 mm²). The larger die area comes from not just the two additional E-core clusters, but also larger L2 caches for the E-core clusters (4 MB vs. 2 MB), and larger L2 caches for the P-cores (2 MB vs. 1.25 MB); besides the larger shared L3 cache (36 MB vs. 30 MB). The "Raptor Cove" P-core itself could be slightly larger than its "Golden Cove" predecessor.

Intel's 13th Gen Core i5 "Raptor Lake" desktop processor lineup could see the top Core i5-13600K and i5-13600KF feature a 6P+8E core-configuration (that's six performance cores and eight efficiency cores). Each of the six P-cores has HyperThreading enabled, making this a 14-core/20-thread processor. Each of the six "Raptor Cove" P-cores has 2 MB of dedicated L2 cache. The eight "Gracemont" E-cores are spread across two E-core clusters with four cores, each. Each cluster shares 4 MB of L2 cache among the four E-cores (increased from 2 MB per cluster on "Alder Lake"). The P-cores and E-cores share 24 MB of L3 cache, increased from 20 MB on the i5-12600K.

A qualification sample (QS) of the Core i5-13600K made its way to social media, where it was put through a bunch of synthetic tests. In CPU-Z Bench, the i5-13600K QS scores 830 points in single-thread, compared to 648 points of the Ryzen 9 5950X "Zen 3," and trails it in the multi-threaded tests, with 10031.8 points, compared to 11906 points for the Ryzen. The QS comes with a Processor Base Power (PBP) value of 125 W, same as that of the i5-12600K. "Raptor Lake" is backwards compatible with Intel 600-series chipset motherboards, although it launches alongside the Intel 700-series chipset. It shares the LGA1700 socket with 12th Gen "Alder Lake," and is built on the same Intel 7 node (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) as its predecessor.

Intel's 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake" is shaping up to be another leadership desktop processor lineup, with an engineering sample clocking significant increases in gaming minimum framerates over the preceding 12th Gen Core i9-12900K "Alder Lake." Extreme Player, a tech-blogger on Chinese video streaming site Bilibili, posted a comprehensive gaming performance review of an i9-13900K engineering sample covering eight games across three resolutions, comparing it with a retail i9-12900KF. The games include CS:GO, Final Fantasy IX: Endwalker, PUBG, Forza Horizon 5, Far Cry 6, Red Dead Redemption 2, Horizon Zero Dawn, and the synthetic benchmark 3DMark. Both processors were tested with a GeForce RTX 3090 Ti graphics card, 32 GB of DDR5-6400 memory, and a 1.5 kW power supply.

The i9-13900K ES is shown posting performance leads ranging wildly between 1% to 2% in the graphics tests of 3DMark, but an incredible 36% to 38% gain in the CPU-intensive tests of the suite. This is explained not just by increased per-core performance of both the P-cores and E-cores, but also the addition of 8 more E-cores. Although the same "Gracemont" E-cores are used in "Raptor Lake," the L2 cache size per E-core cluster has been doubled in size. Horizon Zero Dawn sees -0.7% to 10.98% increase in frame rates. There are some anomalous 70% frame-rate increases in RDR2, discounting which, we still see a 2-9% increase. FC6 posts modest 2.4% increases. Forza Horizon 5, PUBG, Monster Hunter Rise, and FF IX, each report significant increases in minimum framerates, well above 20%.

In what could be evidence of Intel pulling off a major generational IPC increase, Chinese PC enthusiast Extreme Player, with access to a Core i9-13900K engineering sample (ES), tested the chip on a handful synthetic tests, with the processor yielding significant performance gains over its predecessor, the i9-12900K. The most striking performance number has to be the CPU-Z Bench single-core test, which shows an impressive 9.41 percent increase over that of the i9-12900K.

The i9-13900K packs "Raptor Cove" performance cores, which Intel claims come with a generational IPC increase over the "Golden Cove" P-cores. The 9.4% performance increase could be a result of not just increased IPC, but also higher clock speeds (set at 5.50 GHz, the assumed maximum boost frequency of the retail processor). The multi-threaded CPU-Z Bench sees an incredible 46.34% performance increase. This stems from not just increased performance on the eight P-cores, but also the doubling in E-cores from 8 to 16. The E-core clusters also see a doubling in L2 cache sizes. The story repeats with Cinebench R23, with an incredible 13.53% single-thread performance increase, and a 40.25% multi-threaded performance increase.

An engineering sample of a 13th Intel Core "Raptor Lake" Core i9 processor hit the web, courtesy of wxnod on Twitter, which confirms its 8P+16E core-configuration in a CPU-Z screenshot. Based on the same LGA1700 package as "Alder Lake," and backwards compatible with Intel 600-series chipset motherboards, besides new 700-series ones, "Raptor Lake" combines eight "Raptor Cove" performance cores (P-cores), with sixteen "Gracemont" efficiency cores (E-cores).

"Raptor Cove" features a generational IPC increase over the "Golden Cove" P-cores powering "Alder Lake," while the "Gracemont" E-cores, although identical to those on "Alder Lake," are expected to benefit from the doubling in L2 cache per cluster, from 2 MB to 4 MB. The ISA as detected by CPU-Z appears to be identical to that of "Alder Lake." The processor is a monolithic silicon chip built on the Intel 7 (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) silicon fabrication process.

Back in January, we heard the first reports of Intel significantly increasing the on-die cache sizes on its 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake-S" desktop processor, with the sum total of L2 and L3 caches on the silicon being 68 MB. A CPU-Z screenshot from the same source as the January story, confirmed the cache sizes. The "Raptor Lake-S" die in its full configuration features eight "Raptor Cove" performance cores (P-cores), and sixteen "Gracemont" efficiency cores (E-cores), making it a 24-core/32-thread chip.

Each "Raptor Cove" P-core features 2 MB of dedicated L2 cache even in its client variant, as previously reported, which is an increase from the 1.25 MB L2 cache of the "Golden Cove" P-cores on "Alder Lake-S." The sixteen "Gracemont" E-cores are spread across four E-core clusters, just like the eight E-cores of "Alder Lake-S" are spread across two such clusters. The four cores in each cluster share an L2 cache. Intel has doubled the size of this L2 cache from 2 MB on "Alder Lake" chips, up to 4 MB. The shared L3 cache on the silicon has increased in size to 36 MB. Eight P-cores with 2 MB each, and four E-core clusters with 4 MB, each, total 32 MB of L2 cache. Add this to 36 MB of L3 cache, and you get 68 MB of L2+L3 cache. Intel is expected to debut "Raptor Lake" in the second half of 2022 alongside the 700-series chipset, and backwards compatibility with 600-series chipset. It could go down as Intel's last client processor built on a monolithic silicon.

Intel is allegedly advancing the launch of its 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake-S" desktop processors to some time in Q3-2022, according to a report by Moore's Law is Dead. It was earlier believed to be a Q4 launch, much like "Alder Lake" was, in 2021. The report predicts the debut of "Raptor Lake" in the desktop segment in Q3-2022 (between July and September), with certain mobile SKUs expected toward the end of the year, in Q4. The Core "Raptor Lake-S" processor is built in the existing Socket LGA1700 package, and is being designed for compatibility with existing Intel 600-series chipset motherboards with a firmware update.

The "Raptor Lake-S" silicon is built on the existing Intel 7 (10 nm Enhanced SuperFin) node, and physically features eight "Raptor Cove" P-cores, along with sixteen "Gracemont" E-cores that are spread across four clusters. The chip has additional cache memory, too. Moore's Law is Dead predicts that the "Raptor Cove" P-core could introduce an IPC uplift in the region of 8 to 15 percent over the "Golden Cove" core, while the chip's overall multi-threaded performance could be anywhere between 30 to 40 percent over "Alder Lake-S," on account of not just increased IPC of the P-cores, but also eight additional E-cores.

When Intel announced the company's first hybrid design, codenamed Alder Lake, we expected to see more of such design philosophies in future products. During Intel's 2022 investor meeting day, the company provided insights into future developments, and a successor to Alder Lake is no different. Codenamed "Raptor Lake," it features a novel Raptor Cove P-core design that is supposed to bring significant IPC uplift from the previous generation of processors. Using Intel 7 processor node, Raptor Lake brings a similar ecosystem of features to Alder Lake, however, with improved performance across the board.

Perhaps one of the most exciting things to note about Raptor Lake is the advancement in core count, specifically the increase in E-cores. Instead of eight P-cores and eight E-cores like Alder Lake, the Raptor Lake design will retain eight P-cores and double the E-core count to 16. It was a weird decision on Intel's end; however, it surely isn't anything terrible. The total number of cores now jumps to 24, and the total number of threads reaches 32. Additionally, Raptor Lake will bring some additional overclocking improvement features and retain socket compatibility with Alder Lake motherboards. That means that, at worst, you would need to perform a BIOS update to get your previous system ready for new hardware. We assume that Intel has been working with software vendors and its engineering team to optimize core utilization for this next-generation processor, even though they have more E-cores present. Below, we can see Intel's demonstration of Raptor Lake running Blender and Adobe Premiere and the CPU core utilization.

Large on-die caches are expected to be a major contributor to IPC and gaming performance. The upcoming AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D processor triples its on-die last-level cache using the 3D Vertical Cache technology, to level up to Intel's "Alder Lake-S" processors in gaming, while using the existing "Zen 3" IP. Intel realizes this, and is planning a massive increase in on-die cache sizes, although spread across the cache hierarchy. The next-generation "Raptor Lake-S" desktop processor the company plans to launch in the second half of 2022 is rumored to feature 68 MB of "total cache" (that's AMD lingo for L2 + L3 caches), according to a highly plausible theory by PC enthusiast OneRaichu on Twitter, and illustrated by Olrak29_.

The "Raptor Lake-S" silicon is expected to feature eight "Raptor Cove" P-cores, and four "Gracemont" E-core clusters (each cluster amounts to four cores). The "Raptor Cove" core is expected to feature 2 MB of dedicated L2 cache, an increase over the 1.25 MB L2 cache per "Golden Cove" P-core of "Alder Lake-S." In a "Gracemont" E-core cluster, four CPU cores share an L2 cache. Intel is looking to double this E-core cluster L2 cache size from 2 MB per cluster on "Alder Lake," to 4 MB per cluster. The shared L3 cache increases from 30 MB on "Alder Lake-S" (C0 silicon), to 36 MB on "Raptor Lake-S." The L2 + L3 caches hence add up to 68 MB. All eyes are now on "Zen 4," and whether AMD gives the L2 caches an increase from the 512 KB per-core size that it's consistently maintained since the first "Zen."

Here's the first picture of Intel's upcoming mainstream desktop processor socket, the LGA1700, which was until now only seen in renders or technical drawings. The socket is characterized by a more rectangular contact pad than previous Intel sockets. The Socket H family (LGA115x and LGA1200) that ruled Intel MSDT sockets for over a decade, has a largely square pad. Intel's HEDT sockets such as the LGA1366, LGA2011 and LGA2066, on the other hand, had a rectangular pad, though not as pronounced (slender) as the LGA1700.

From the looks of it, the retention mechanism of the LGA1700 appears similar to that of Socket H and most other Intel LGA sockets (though dissimilar from the LGA2011/LGA2066). In its client desktop avatar, the LGA1700 has 100 unused pins. This is because the socket is physically identical to the LGA1800, which is speculated to be left for future generations of Intel processors with additional power or I/O pins. The Z-height of LGA1700 is lower than that of Socket H, which entails a major change in the retention module design of most aftermarket CPU cooling solutions.

Intel's 13th Gen Core "Raptor Lake-S" desktop processor could come with core counts as high as 24, overtaking AMD's number for mainstream desktops, for the first time since 2017. There is, however, a big catch, The 24-core chip could comprise of 8 "big" P-cores, and 16 "little" E-cores, according to a report by AdoredTV. The silicon features 8 "Raptor Cove" P-cores, which succeed "Golden Cove," introducing IPC and instruction-set improvements; while the type of low-power E-cores remains to be determined. AdoredTV predicts that the Core i9 brand extension could max out the silicon with 8+16 cores, while lower Core i7 SKUs could be 8+8 cores, and Core i5 6+8 cores. The TDP of Unlocked K SKUs could be rated at 125 W, and the other "locked" ones at 65 W.