SK hynix presented its leading AI and high-performance computing (HPC) solutions at Supercomputing 2023 (SC23) held in Denver, Colorado between November 12-17. Organized by the Association for Computing Machinery and IEEE Computer Society since 1988, the annual SC conference showcases the latest advancements in HPC, networking, storage, and data analysis. SK hynix marked its first appearance at the conference by introducing its groundbreaking memory solutions to the HPC community. During the six-day event, several SK hynix employees also made presentations revealing the impact of the company's memory solutions on AI and HPC.

Displaying Advanced HPC & AI Products
At SC23, SK hynix showcased its products tailored for AI and HPC to underline its leadership in the AI memory field. Among these next-generation products, HBM3E attracted attention as the HBM solution meets the industry's highest standards of speed, capacity, heat dissipation, and power efficiency. These capabilities make it particularly suitable for data-intensive AI server systems. HBM3E was presented alongside NVIDIA's H100, a high-performance GPU for AI that uses HBM3 for its memory.

TYAN, an industry leader in server platform design and a subsidiary of MiTAC Computing Technology Corporation, debuts its new server line-up for 4th Gen AMD EPYC & AMD Ryzen Processors at SC23, Booth #1917, in the Colorado Convention Center, Denver, CO, November 13-16.

AMD EPYC 9004 processor features leadership performance and is optimized for a wide range of HPC, cloud-native computing and Generative AI workloads
TYAN offers server platforms supporting the AMD EPYC 9004 processors that provide up to 128 Zen 4C cores and 256 MB of L3 Cache for dynamic cloud-native applications with high performance, density, energy efficiency, and compatibility.

Micron Technology, Inc. (Nasdaq: MU), today demonstrated its industry leadership by announcing its 32Gb monolithic die-based 128 GB DDR5 RDIMM memory featuring best-in-class performance of up to 8000 MT/s to support data center workloads today and into the future. These high-capacity, high-speed memory modules are engineered to meet the performance and data-handling needs of a wide range of mission-critical applications in data center and cloud environments, including artificial intelligence (AI), in-memory databases (IMDBs) and efficient processing for multithreaded, multicore count general compute workloads.

Powered by Micron's industry-leading 1β (1-beta) technology, the 32Gb DDR5 DRAM die-based 128 GB DDR5 RDIMM memory delivers the following enhancements over competitive 3DS through-silicon via (TSV) products:

• more than 45% improved bit density
• up to 24% improved energy efficiency
• up to 16% lower latency
• up to a 28% improvement in AI training performance

Montage Technology, a leading data processing and interconnect IC company, today announced it has taken the lead in trial production of the 3rd-generation DDR5 Registering Clock Driver (RCD03) designed for use in DDR5 RDIMMs. With its blazingly fast 6400 MT/s data rate, the RCD03 sets a new bar for DDR5 memory performance in upcoming server platforms. It unlocks dramatic capacity, bandwidth, and latency improvements to meet the growing demands of data center, cloud, and AI applications.

The RCD03 marks a major advancement in Montage's continued role as an innovator driving rapid DDR5 developments. This chip achieves a 14.3% speed increase over the 2nd-gen DDR5 RCD and a 33.3% increase over the 1st--gen, making it one of the fastest DDR5 memory interface solutions available today.

Velocity Micro, the premier builder of award-winning enthusiast desktops, laptops, high performance computing solutions, and professional workstations announces the immediate availability of the ProMagix G480a and G480i - two GPU servers optimized for High Performance Computing and Artificial Intelligence. Powered by either dual AMD Epyc 4th Gen or dual 4th Gen Intel Scalable Xeon processors, these 4U form factor servers support up to eight dual slot PCIe Gen 5 GPUs to create incredible compute power designed specifically for the highest demand workflows including simulation, rendering, analytics, deep learning, AI, and more. Shipments begin immediately.

"By putting emphasis on scalability, functionality, and performance, we've created a line of server solutions that tie in the legacy of our high-end brand while also offering businesses alternative options for more specialized solutions for the highest demand workflows," said Randy Copeland, President and CEO of Velocity Micro. "We're excited to introduce a whole new market to what we can do."

SK hynix showcased its next-generation memory semiconductor technologies and solutions at the OCP Global Summit 2023 held in San Jose, California from October 17-19. The OCP Global Summit is an annual event hosted by the world's largest data center technology community, the Open Compute Project (OCP), where industry experts gather to share various technologies and visions. This year, SK hynix and its subsidiary Solidigm showcased advanced semiconductor memory products that will lead the AI era under the slogan "United Through Technology".

SK hynix presented a broad range of its solutions at the summit, including its leading HBM(HBM3/3E), CXL, and AiM products for generative AI. The company also unveiled some of the latest additions to its product portfolio including its DDR5 RDIMM, MCR DIMM, enterprise SSD (eSSD), and LPDDR CAMM devices. Visitors to the HBM exhibit could see HBM3, which is utilized in NVIDIA's H100, a high-performance GPU for AI, and also check out the next-generation HBM3E. Due to their low-power consumption and ultra-high-performance, these HBM solutions are more eco-friendly and are particularly suitable for power-hungry AI server systems.

Micron Technology, Inc., today announced it has extended its industry-leading 1β (1-beta) process node technology with the introduction of 16Gb DDR5 memory. With demonstrated in-system functionality at speeds up to 7,200 MT/s, Micron's 1β DDR5 DRAM is now shipping to all data center and PC customers. Micron's 1β-based DDR5 memory with advanced high-k CMOS device technology, 4-phase clocking and clock-sync provides up to a 50% performance uplift and 33% improvement in performance per watt over the previous generation.

As CPU core counts increase to meet the demands of data center workloads, the need for higher memory bandwidth and capacities grows significantly to overcome the 'memory wall' challenge while optimizing the total cost of ownership for customers. Micron's 1β DDR5 DRAM allows computational capabilities to scale with higher performance enabling applications like artificial intelligence (AI) training and inference, generative AI, data analytics, and in-memory databases (IMDB) across data center and client platforms. The new 1β DDR5 DRAM product line offers current module densities in speeds ranging from 4,800 MT/s up to 7,200 MT/s for use in data center and client applications.

SK hynix announced on September 22 that it showcased its latest memory technologies and products at Intel Innovation 2023 held September 19-20 in the western U.S. city of San Jose, California. Hosted by Intel since 2019, Intel Innovation is an annual IT exhibition which brings together the technology company's customers and partners to share the latest developments in the industry. At this year's event held at the San Jose McEnery Convention Center, SK hynix showcased its advanced semiconductor memory products which are essential in the generative AI era under the slogan "Pioneer Tomorrow With the Best."

Products that garnered the most interest were HBM3, which supports the high-speed performance of AI accelerators, and DDR5 RDIMM, a DRAM module for servers with 1bnm process technology. As one of SK hynix's core technologies, HBM3 has established the company as a trailblazer in AI memory. SK hynix plans to further strengthen its position in the market by mass-producing HBM3E (Extended) from 2024. Meanwhile, DDR5 RDIMM with 1bnm, or the 5th generation of the 10 nm process technology, also offers outstanding performance. In addition to supporting unprecedented transfer speeds of more than 6,400 megabits per second (Mbps), this low-power product helps customers simultaneously reduce costs and improve ESG performance.

T-CREATE, the creator sub-brand of the global memory provider Team Group, today launched the T-CREATE MASTER DDR5 OC R-DIMM, an overclocking DDR5 ECC Registered DIMM memory. T-CREATE's MASTER series is designed specifically for workstations and servers. With its high specifications and large capacity, it fully satisfies the needs of professionals in handling large-scale projects, analyzing large data sets, and running multiple specialized applications concurrently. The T-CREATE MASTER DDR5 OC R-DIMM features a one-piece heat spreader with ventilation holes and thermally conductive silicone for quick heat dissipation. It also has on-die ECC, which allows systems to run more stably and provide excellent performance.

The T-CREATE MASTER memory module is an overclocking ECC Registered DIMM memory available in frequencies of 6000 MHz, 6400 MHz, and 6800 MHz. When the module is paired with workstation motherboards, memory capacity can reach up to a massive 384 GB, allowing professional creators to quickly complete all types of work and enjoy the creative flexibility that comes with large capacities. In addition to the on-die ECC that corrects bit errors within the DRAM chip, the MASTER memory also supports an ECC feature that corrects errors outside the chip and fixes data corruption, allowing for stable operation and greater peace of mind when creating. The MASTER R-DIMM is compatible with W790 series workstation motherboards and is made for creative professionals, developers, and engineers. When combined with the powerful computing of the latest Intel Xeon processors, the T-CREATE MASTER DDR5 OC R-DIMM memory delivers incredible performance and stability for content creation, graphic rendering, and the demanding applications of high-end workstations.

AMD today rolled out the new compacted Socket SP6 server platform designed for smaller servers locally deployed at the edge by organizations. With CPU core-counts of up to 64-core/128-thread, these processors are based on the "Zen 4c" microarchitecture, which comes with identical IPC and ISA to "Zen 4," but with smaller L3 cache available per core. The EPYC 8004 series targets traditional data-centers located on-site for organizations. Even if the heavy-lifting of the IT for them is performed by remote data-centers or cloud providers, organizations still need smaller edge server deployments. The EPYC 8004 series caters to a different kind of servers than the ones the lower core-count models of EPYC 9004 "Genoa" do.

With the EPYC 8004 series, AMD is debuting a new smaller CPU socket called SP6. The socket measures 58.5 mm x 75.4 mm, compared to the 76.0 mm x 80.0 mm of Socket SP5 powering EPYC 9004 "Genoa" and EPYC 97x4 "Bergamo." Socket SP5 is an LGA with a pin count of 4,844, compared to SP5, which is LGA-6096. The first line of processors for this socket, the EPYC 8004 series, are codenamed "Siena." These are very much part of the 4th Gen EPYC series, a lineage it shares with "Genoa" for data-center servers, "Genoa-X" for compute servers, and "Bergamo" for high-density cloud.

V-COLOR Technology Inc, a leading memory manufacturer is proud to present the revolutionary DDR5 OC R-DIMM Workstation Memory in configurations 16 GB, 32 GB, and 64 GB. Designed for use with the latest unlocked Intel Xeon W-2400X and W-3400X series processors on respective Intel W790 chipset-based motherboards supporting quad-channel and octo-channel memory

Extreme Overclocking: Experience unrivaled power with OC R-DIMM Workstation Memory. Engineered for extreme overclocking capabilities, this memory module dares to push the limits and achieve unparalleled speeds. With v-color technology, effortlessly unlock the full potential of workstations and conquer even the most demanding tasks. Intel XMP 3.0 Certified: Seamlessly compatible with Intel XMP 3.0, OC R-DIMM Workstation Memory ensures a hassle-free and optimized experience. Effortlessly enhance system's performance and achieve the perfect balance between speed and stability.

Micron Technology, Inc., (Nasdaq: MU) today announced volume production availability of high-capacity 96 GB DDR5 RDIMMs in speeds up to 4800MT/s, which have double the bandwidth compared to DDR4 memory. By unlocking the next level of monolithic technology, the integration of Micron's high-density memory solutions empowers artificial intelligence (AI) and in-memory database workloads and eliminates the need for costly die stacking that also adds latency. Micron's 96 GB DDR5 RDIMM modules are qualified with 4th Gen AMD EPYC processors. Additionally, the Supermicro 8125GS - an AMD-based system - includes the Micron 96 GB DDR5 modules and is an excellent platform for high-performance computing, artificial intelligence and deep learning training, and industrial server workloads.

"Delivering high-capacity memory solutions that enable the right performance for compute-intensive workloads is essential to Micron's role as a leading memory innovator and manufacturer. Micron's 96 GB DDR5 DRAM module establishes a new optimized total cost of ownership solution for our customers," stated Praveen Vaidyanathan, vice president and general manager of Micron's Compute Products Group. "Our collaboration with a flexible system provider like Supermicro leverages each of our strengths to provide customers with the latest memory technology to address their most challenging data center needs."
"Supermicro's time-to-market collaboration with Micron benefits a wide variety of key customers," said Don Clegg, senior vice president, Worldwide Sales, Supermicro. "Micron's portfolio of advanced memory and storage products, aligned with Supermicro's broad server and storage innovations deliver validated, tested, and proven solutions for data center deployments and advanced workloads."

Transcend brought its latest flash storage and PC memory products to Computex 2023. The company, much like Kingston and Micron, appears to be focusing on the high-volume mid-range of the market that it can sell both in the retail channel and to OEMs, without too much invested on niche high-end ones. To begin with, the company showed us its DDR5 UDIMMs and RDIMMs. Nothing flashy—these stick with JEDEC-standard speeds, such as DDR5-5600 (13th Gen native speed), and DDR5-4800.

The company doesn't have PCIe Gen 5 SSDs yet, but we were shown a handful Gen 4 ones meant for the DIY retail channel, including the PCIe SSD 250H (MTE250H), with its sporty heatsink, and extensive testing for PlayStation 5 compatibility; and its alter-ego without the heatsink, the PCIe SSD 250S (MTE250S). These drives come in capacities ranging between 1 TB to 4 TB, with sequential transfer speeds of up to 7.5 GB/s reads, and up to 6.7 GB/s writes. Also shown were a set of smaller NVMe Gen 3 SSDs in the M.2-2230 and M.2-2260 form-factors, the MTE300S and MTE400S, respectively. With capacities of just 256 GB and 512 GB for the MTE300S, and 256 GB thru 1 TB for the MTE400S, these drives are probably meant for hand-held game consoles, or low-cost desktop PCs, where OEMs or SIs buy them in large quantities.

TYAN, an industry-leading server platform design manufacturer and a subsidiary of MiTAC Computing Technology Corporation, will be showcasing its latest HPC, cloud and storage platforms at Computex 2023, Booth #M0701a in Taipei, Taiwan from May 30 to June 2. These platforms are powered by AMD EPYC 9004 Series processors, which offer superior energy efficiency and are designed to enhance data center computing performance.

"As businesses increasingly prioritize sustainability in their operations, data centers - which serve as the computational core of an organization - offer a significant opportunity to improve efficiency and support ambitious sustainability targets," said Eric Kuo, Vice President of the Server Infrastructure Business Unit at MiTAC Computing Technology Corporation. "TYAN's server platforms powered by 4th Gen AMD EPYC processor enable IT organizations to achieve high performance while remaining cost-effective and contributing to environmental sustainability."

ATP Electronics, the global leader in specialized storage and memory solutions, introduces its 64 GB DDR4 very low profile registered DIMMS (VLP RDIMMs) built for embedded blade compute and storage, industrial single-board computers, enterprise networking, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems processing memory-intensive workloads. The new product offers twice the density of typical 32 GB VLP RDIMMs available in the market to meet the increasing memory requirements resulting from the endless generation of data from connected cars, smart factories, and other 5G IoT applications.

The high-performance 64 GB VLP RDIMMs are organized as 8192 MB x 72 bits in a 288-pin DIMM. Each module utilizes 18 chips of 8Gx4 DDR4 SDRAMs in dual-die package (DDP) stacked chips, consists of a 512-byte serial EEPROM containing the module information, and includes error correction code (ECC) to support error detection and correction.

TrendForce reports that mass production of new server platforms—such as Intel Sapphire Rapids and AMD Genoa—is imminent. However, recent market reports have indicated a PMIC compatibility issue for server DDR5 RDIMMs; DRAM suppliers and PMIC vendors are working to address the problem. TrendForce believes this will have two effects: First, DRAM suppliers will temporarily procure more PMICs from Monolithic Power Systems (MPS), which supplies PMICs without any issues. Second, supply will inevitably be affected in the short term as current DDR5 server DRAM production still uses older processes, which will lead to a convergence in the price decline of DDR5 server DRAM in 2Q23—from the previously estimated 15~20% to 13~18%.

As previously mentioned, PMIC issues and the production process relying on older processes are all having a short-term impact on the supply of DDR5 server DRAM. SK hynix has gradually ramped up production and sales of 1α-nm, which, unlike 1y-nm, has yet to be fully verified by consumers. Current production processes are still being dominated by Samsung and SK hynix's 1y-nm and Micron's 1z-nm; 1α and 1β-nm production is projected to increase in 2H23.

AMD and JEDEC are collaborating to create a new industry standard for DDR5 memory called MRDIMMs (multi-ranked buffered DIMMs). The constant need for bandwidth in server systems provides trouble that can not easily be solved. Adding more memory is difficult, as motherboards can only get so big. Incorporating on-package memory solutions like HBM is expensive and can only scale to a specific memory capacity. However, engineers of JEDEC, with the help of AMD, have come to make a new standard that will try and solve this challenge using the new MRDIMM technology. The concept of MRDIMM is, on paper, straightforward. It combines two DDR5 DIMMs on a single module to effectively double the bandwidth. Specifically, if you take two DDR5 DIMMs running at 4,400 MT/s and connect them to create a single DIMM, you get 8,800 MT/s speeds on a single module. To efficiently use it, a special data mux or buffer will effectively take two Double Data Rate (DDR) DIMMs and convert them into Quad Data Rate (QDR) DIMMs.

The design also allows simultaneous access to both ranks of memory, thanks to the added mux. First-generation MRDIMMs can produce speeds of up to 8,800 MT/s, while the second and third generations modules can go to 12,800 MT/s and 17,600 MT/s, respectively. We expect third-generation MRDIMMs after 2030, so the project is still far away. Additionally, Intel has a similar solution called Multiplexer Combined Ranks DIMM (MCRDIMM) which uses a similar approach. However, Intel's technology is expected to see the light of the day as early as 2024/2025 and beyond the generation of servers, with Granite Rapids likely representing a contender for this technology. SK Hynix already makes MCRDIMMs, and you can see the demonstration of the approach below.

Kingston today unveiled the FURY Renegade Pro DDR5 RDIMM memory for workstations based on the Intel W790 platform (Xeon W-3400 and W-2400 series "Sapphire Rapids" processors). The company is marking these as "overclockable" registered ECC DIMMs, as they come with Intel XMP 3.0 profiles that enable their advertised speeds on Intel platforms. The FURY Renegade Pro series comes in DDR5-6000 (32-38-38 1.35 V), DDR5-5600 (36-38-38 1.25 V), and DDR5-4800 (36-38-38 1.1 V) speed; with module densities of 16 GB and 32 GB (per DIMM); making up single-module kits, 4-module kits (for W-2400 platforms), and 8-module kits (for W-3400 platforms). The modules themselves are bare—lacking in heatspreaders, with a thin decal covering the DRAM chips. These are standard-height DIMMs.

ASUS today announced that ASUS W790 workstation motherboards support ECC R-DIMM DDR5 RAM at up to 6800 MHz, unleashing class-leading overclocking capability to unlock even more performance potential. ASUS W790 workstation motherboards feature the memory capability of up to 2 TB RDIMM DDR5 memory to power the next generation of compute-intensive professional workloads. In addition, ASUS have been working with market-leading memory partners including G.SKILL, Kingston, and V-Color to establish multiple memory validations and to widely support 8-channel and quad-channel memory architectures. The Pro WS W790E-SAGE SE now supports up to 128 GB (8x16 GB) at 6800 MT/s, and the Pro WS W790-ACE supports up to 64 GB (4x16 GB) of DDR5 RAM at 6800 MT/s. This painstakingly cultivated collection of device validations helps ensure that an ASUS W790 workstation build supports a wide variety of scenarios.

Choosing the right CPU cooler for a workstation build can also be a challenge, because CPU sockets and form factors are different from those used in desktops. Therefore, ASUS has partnered with cooling experts including Enermax, EK and Noctua to offer air and liquid coolers for the LGA4677 socket used by the latest Intel Xeon workstation processors. These solutions are designed to offer optimal heat transfer and heat dissipation capacity through the cooler base and then to coolant tubes, heat pipes and radiator fins.

Intel today announced the new Intel Xeon W-3400 and Intel Xeon W-2400 desktop workstation processors (code-named Sapphire Rapids), led by the Intel Xeon w9-3495X, Intel's most powerful desktop workstation processor ever designed. Built for professional creators, these new Xeon processors provide massive performance for media and entertainment, engineering and data science professionals. With a breakthrough new compute architecture, faster cores and new embedded multi-die interconnect bridge (EMIB) packaging, the Xeon W-3400 and Xeon W-2400 series of processors enable unprecedented scalability for increased performance.

"For more than 20 years, Intel has been committed to delivering the highest quality workstation platforms - combining high-performance compute and rock-solid stability - for professional PC users across the globe. Our new Intel Xeon desktop workstation platform is uniquely designed to unleash the innovation and creativity of professional creators, artists, engineers, designers, data scientists and power users - built to tackle both today's most demanding workloads as well as the professional workloads of the future." -Roger Chandler, Intel vice president and general manager, Creator and Workstation Solutions, Client Computing Group

Rambus Inc., a premier chip and silicon IP provider making data faster and safer, today announced the availability of its new 6400 MT/s DDR5 Registering Clock Driver (RCD) and sampling to the major DDR5 memory module (RDIMM) manufacturers. With a 33% increase in data rate and bandwidth over Gen 1 4800 MT/s solutions, the Rambus Gen 3 6400 MT/s DDR5 RCD enables a new level of main memory performance for data center servers. Delivering industry-leading latency and power, it offers optimized timing parameters for improved RDIMM margins.

"Data center workloads have an insatiable thirst for greater memory bandwidth and capacity, and our mission is to advance the performance of server memory solutions that meet this need for each new server platform generation," said Sean Fan, chief operating officer at Rambus. "We were first in the industry to 5600 MT/s, and now we have raised the bar with our Gen 3 DDR5 RCD capable of 6400 MT/s to support a new generation of RDIMMs for server main memory."

Tachyum today announced that the IP components -DDR5 RAM controller and high-performance, low-power DSP-based PHY - incorporated into the Prodigy Universal Processor have allowed it to achieve speeds of 6400 MT/s at nominal voltage for Prodigy chip which provides headroom for expected speeds of up to, or even over, 7200 MT/s.

The critical components supplied by a global leader in high-speed DDR DRAM controllers and DDR DRAM PHYs for the world's technology infrastructure, have enabled Tachyum engineers to integrate its IP into Prodigy less than 7 months after entering into a technology partnership. The quality of this IP and the support provided by working closely with Tachyum engineers have allowed the company to close DDR5 timings in record time.

DFI, the global leading provider of high-performance computing technology across multiple embedded industries, unveils a server-grade ATX motherboard, designed for Intel Ice Lake platform, powered by the 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors, and equipped with ultra-high speed computing that can support up to 205 W. ICX610-C621A also comes with built-in Intel Speed Select Technology (Intel SST), which provides an excellent load balancing between CPUs and multiple accelerator cards to effectively distribute CPU resource, stabilize computation loads and maximize computing power. As a result, it improves the performance by 1.46 times compared to previous generation.

Featuring powerful performance, the offers three PCIe x 16, two PCIe x8 slots and one M.2 Key and enables ultra-performance computing, AI workload and deep learning, specifically for high-end inspection equipment, such as AOI, CT, and MRI application. The ICX610 also supports ECC RDIMM up to 512 GB 3200 MHz enhances high end performance for advanced inspection equipment and improves efficiency.

DFI, the global leading provider of high-performance computing technology across multiple embedded industries, unveils a server-grade ATX motherboard, designed for Intel Ice Lake platform, powered by the 3rd Generation Intel Xeon Scalable processors, and equipped with ultra-high speed computing that can support up to 205 W. ICX610-C621A also comes with built-in Intel Speed Select Technology (Intel SST), which provides an excellent load balancing between CPUs and multiple accelerator cards to effectively distribute CPU resource, stabilize computation loads and maximize computing power. As a result, it improves the performance by 1.46 times compared to previous generation.

Featuring powerful performance, the offers three PCIe x16, two PCIe x8 slots and one M.2 Key and enables ultra-performance computing, AI workload and deep learning, specifically for high-end inspection equipment, such as AOI, CT, and MRI application. The ICX610 also supports ECC RDIMM up to 512 GB 3200 MHz, enhances high end performance for advanced inspection equipment and improves efficiency.

Rambus Inc., a premier chip and silicon IP provider making data faster and safer, today announced the expansion of its DDR5 memory interface chip portfolio with the addition of the Rambus SPD (Serial Presence Detect) Hub and Temperature Sensor, complementing the industry-leading Rambus Registering Clock Driver (RCD). DDR5 achieves greater memory bandwidth and capacity by employing a new module architecture with an expanded chipset. The SPD Hub and Temperature Sensors improve DDR5 Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM) system management and thermal control to deliver higher performance within the desired power envelope for servers, desktops and laptops.

"The new performance levels of DDR5 memory place an increased premium on signal integrity and thermal management for server and client DIMMs," said Sean Fan, chief operating officer at Rambus. "With over 30 years of memory subsystem design experience, Rambus is ideally positioned to deliver DDR5 chipset solutions which enable breakthrough bandwidth and capacity for advanced computing systems."